Pols 1100 Final exam cscc Questions With Answers Graded A+ Assured Success

Clientele groups - Special interest groups that benefit directly from the activities of a particular bureaucratic agency and therefore are strong advocates of the agency. district courts - the lowest federal courts; federal trials can be held only here Caucus - private meeting of a group of people in a political party to select officers or determine policy; CF. the Caucus club of Boston 14th Amendment - 1) Citizenship for African Americans, 2) Repeal of 3/5 Compromise, 3) Denial of former confederate officials from holding national or state office, 4) Repudiate (reject) confederate debts 3/5 Compromise - -each slave would count for 3/5 of a person for taxation and representation purposes agenda setting - Determining which public-policy questions will be debated or considered. agents of socialization - social institutions, including families and schools, that help to shape individuals' basic political beliefs and values Aristocracy - Government power concentrated among the top social class Artical 1 - Creates a Legislative Branch and give s more power to the government and presidency.It includes raises taxes, develops economy, enlarges foreign commerce and declares wars. Artical 2 - Expains the job of the president (executive branch) Article 3: Judicial Branch - the Supreme Court decides ourt cases according to US Constitution. The courts under the Supreme Court decide criminal and civil court cases according to the correct federal, state, and local laws. Authority - the right to use powerAutocarcy - Form of government ruled by a single person Bureaucratic accountability - The degree to which bureaucrats are held accountable for the power they exercise. Capitalism - An economic system based on the idea that government should interfere with economic transactions as little as possible centralized power - power in the hands of one, single ruler Circuit Courts - Intermediate federal appellate courts. Cover 13 "circuits" across America. Hear appeals from District Courts in their jurisdiction. citizen groups - organizations created to support government policies that they believe will benefit the public at large Civil Liberties - Constitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens Civil rights - Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals. Collective goods - Goods and services, such as clean air and clean water, that by their nature cannot be denied to anyone. Communism - An economic system based on the idea that government should own and operate every aspect of the economy Concept of civil rights - The term civil rights refers to the basic rights afforded by laws of the government to every person regardless of race nationality gender Age religion or disability Constitutinalism - Limiting government power to protect citizens libertiesconventional participation - Voting, Running for Office, Contacting Officials, Donating to Campaigns and Interest Groups-- Goal Change Policy through Direct Action 10th Amendment - Powers not given to federal government go to people and States Cooperative federalism - Cooperation among federal, state, &local govts; "marble cake" federalism Declaration of Independence - the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain Democracy - The government where the people govern directly or indirectly through elected representatives difference between civil liberties and civil rights - The distinction between civil rights, the basic right to be free from unequal treatment and civil liberties which are basic freedoms granted by the Bill of Rights or interpreted through the years divided government - Governance divided between the parties, as when one holds the presidency and the other controls one or both houses of Congress. Domestic policy - a set of plans for dealing with national problems Due Process - fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement. economic groups - Interest groups that are organized primarily for economic reasons but that engage in political activity in order to seek favorable policies from government. Election of Public Officials - An election is a form of group decision making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold a public office. Elections may fill offices in legislator sometimes the executive and Judiciary branch and for regional and local governmentsElitism - the idea that wealthy and well-connected individuals exercise the most power in setting public policy Enumerated powers - Government power expressly stated in the Constitution Equity - The idea that all people are equal in worth and treated as equal under law Federal Papers - A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail.