Fitour SMR Ch.3 Exam Questions and
Answers
What tissue in the human body is responsible for movement? - Answer -muscles
Approximately how many muscles are in the human body? - Answer -540
What percent of our bodies are muscles? - Answer -40 to 60%
What are the 3 primary functions of the skeletal muscle? - Answer --support for the body
and containment of the internal organs
-allow movement
-regulation of body temperature
What are the 4 principles characteristics of the skeletal muscles? - Answer -excitability
contractility
extensibility
elaststicity
Excitability - Answer -response to stimuli through the central nervous system
Contractility - Answer -ability to shorten when stimulated
Extensibility - Answer -stretches
Elasticity - Answer -returns to normal shape following contraction or extension
What are phasic muscles made up of and why do they fatigue quickly? - Answer -fast
blood supply
What are the 3 muscles that support the spine and what are their actions? - Answer -
erector spinae-produce extension of the lumbar spine and lateral flexion of the spine
Quadratus Lumborum-
The only true lateral flexor.
o When the pelvis is fixed, contraction causes side bending of the lumbar spine and
ribcage.
o When the ribs and spine are fixed, contraction raises the pelvis on one side.
Multifidus- It contributes to the stability of the lower back and pelvis.
, What are the abdominal muscles? - Answer -rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal
oblique, transverse abdominis
Describe the rectus abdominis and list actions - Answer -- The longest of the abdominal
muscles.
-Performs forward flexion and assists in compressing the abdomen
describe the External Obliques and list actions - Answer -o Works with the internal
obliques on the opposite side to flex and rotate the lumbar
spine.
o When working solo, performs side-bending and rotation.
o When working together, cause compression of the abdominal cavity and assist in
spinal flexion.
-the larger of the 2 obliques
Describe the Internal Obliques and list actions - Answer -Works with the external
obliques on the opposite side to flex and rotate the lumbar
spine.
o When working solo, performs side-bending and rotation.
o When working together, cause compression of the abdominal cavity and assist in
spinal flexion.
Describe the Transverse Abdominis and list the actions - Answer -The deepest of the
four abdominal muscles.
o Contraction reduces the diameter of the abdomen, causing compression of the
abdominal cavity.
o Responsible for spinal stability.
What are the 3 muscles that support the spine? - Answer -Erector Spinae, Quadratus
Lumborum, Multifidus
Describe the Erector Spinae and list the actions? - Answer -The group of muscles that
run parallel to each other on either side of the vertebral
column in three pairs.
-Collectively produce extension of the lumbar spine and lateral flexion of the spine
Describe the Quadratus Lumborum and list the actions? - Answer -o Originates on the
top of the hip and inserts on the 12th rib and the lumbar spine.
o The only true lateral flexor.
o When the pelvis is fixed, contraction causes side bending of the lumbar spine and
ribcage.
o When the ribs and spine are fixed, contraction raises the pelvis on one side.
Describe the multifidus - Answer -o The multifidus is responsible for extension, lateral
flexion and rotation (to opposite
side) of the vertebral column.
Answers
What tissue in the human body is responsible for movement? - Answer -muscles
Approximately how many muscles are in the human body? - Answer -540
What percent of our bodies are muscles? - Answer -40 to 60%
What are the 3 primary functions of the skeletal muscle? - Answer --support for the body
and containment of the internal organs
-allow movement
-regulation of body temperature
What are the 4 principles characteristics of the skeletal muscles? - Answer -excitability
contractility
extensibility
elaststicity
Excitability - Answer -response to stimuli through the central nervous system
Contractility - Answer -ability to shorten when stimulated
Extensibility - Answer -stretches
Elasticity - Answer -returns to normal shape following contraction or extension
What are phasic muscles made up of and why do they fatigue quickly? - Answer -fast
blood supply
What are the 3 muscles that support the spine and what are their actions? - Answer -
erector spinae-produce extension of the lumbar spine and lateral flexion of the spine
Quadratus Lumborum-
The only true lateral flexor.
o When the pelvis is fixed, contraction causes side bending of the lumbar spine and
ribcage.
o When the ribs and spine are fixed, contraction raises the pelvis on one side.
Multifidus- It contributes to the stability of the lower back and pelvis.
, What are the abdominal muscles? - Answer -rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal
oblique, transverse abdominis
Describe the rectus abdominis and list actions - Answer -- The longest of the abdominal
muscles.
-Performs forward flexion and assists in compressing the abdomen
describe the External Obliques and list actions - Answer -o Works with the internal
obliques on the opposite side to flex and rotate the lumbar
spine.
o When working solo, performs side-bending and rotation.
o When working together, cause compression of the abdominal cavity and assist in
spinal flexion.
-the larger of the 2 obliques
Describe the Internal Obliques and list actions - Answer -Works with the external
obliques on the opposite side to flex and rotate the lumbar
spine.
o When working solo, performs side-bending and rotation.
o When working together, cause compression of the abdominal cavity and assist in
spinal flexion.
Describe the Transverse Abdominis and list the actions - Answer -The deepest of the
four abdominal muscles.
o Contraction reduces the diameter of the abdomen, causing compression of the
abdominal cavity.
o Responsible for spinal stability.
What are the 3 muscles that support the spine? - Answer -Erector Spinae, Quadratus
Lumborum, Multifidus
Describe the Erector Spinae and list the actions? - Answer -The group of muscles that
run parallel to each other on either side of the vertebral
column in three pairs.
-Collectively produce extension of the lumbar spine and lateral flexion of the spine
Describe the Quadratus Lumborum and list the actions? - Answer -o Originates on the
top of the hip and inserts on the 12th rib and the lumbar spine.
o The only true lateral flexor.
o When the pelvis is fixed, contraction causes side bending of the lumbar spine and
ribcage.
o When the ribs and spine are fixed, contraction raises the pelvis on one side.
Describe the multifidus - Answer -o The multifidus is responsible for extension, lateral
flexion and rotation (to opposite
side) of the vertebral column.
