med surg chapter fractures and
amputations Exam/47 Questions and
Solutions
fracture - -a break in the bone
-complete fracture - -a break that extends through the entire thickness of
the bone
-incomplete fracture - -bone is not broken all the way through
-greenstick fracture - -bending and incomplete break of a bone; most often
seen in children
-open fractures have three stages - -grade 1: least severe injury
grade 2: moderately severe injury with skin and muscle bruises
grade 3: most severe with skin, muscle, and nerve damage
-stress fracture occurs when - -repetitive stress applied to a bone resulting
in tiny cracks
-pathologic fracture occurs when - -a condition in the bone such as a tumor
or disease process that causes a spontaneous break
-Stage 1 of healing a bone fracture: Hematoma - --bleeding in the edema
occur.
-clot or hematoma forms between the two broken bones
-Stage 2 of healing a bone fracture: Fibrocartilage - --the tissue cells enter
the clot and granulation tissue forms replacing the clot.
-the granulation then forms a collar around each end of the broken bone
-forming a bridge between the two bones
-Stage 3 of healing a bone fracture: Callus - --callus formation within 1-4
weeks
-callus serves as a temp splint
-Stage 4 of healing a bone fracture: Ossification - -- 3 to 6 weeks permanent
bone known as woven bone forms
-during this stage the end of the broken bone begin to knit
-Stage 5 of healing a bone fracture: Consolidation - --remodeling when the
distance between bone fragments decreases and eventually closes
-immature bone cells are gradually replaced by mature bone cells
amputations Exam/47 Questions and
Solutions
fracture - -a break in the bone
-complete fracture - -a break that extends through the entire thickness of
the bone
-incomplete fracture - -bone is not broken all the way through
-greenstick fracture - -bending and incomplete break of a bone; most often
seen in children
-open fractures have three stages - -grade 1: least severe injury
grade 2: moderately severe injury with skin and muscle bruises
grade 3: most severe with skin, muscle, and nerve damage
-stress fracture occurs when - -repetitive stress applied to a bone resulting
in tiny cracks
-pathologic fracture occurs when - -a condition in the bone such as a tumor
or disease process that causes a spontaneous break
-Stage 1 of healing a bone fracture: Hematoma - --bleeding in the edema
occur.
-clot or hematoma forms between the two broken bones
-Stage 2 of healing a bone fracture: Fibrocartilage - --the tissue cells enter
the clot and granulation tissue forms replacing the clot.
-the granulation then forms a collar around each end of the broken bone
-forming a bridge between the two bones
-Stage 3 of healing a bone fracture: Callus - --callus formation within 1-4
weeks
-callus serves as a temp splint
-Stage 4 of healing a bone fracture: Ossification - -- 3 to 6 weeks permanent
bone known as woven bone forms
-during this stage the end of the broken bone begin to knit
-Stage 5 of healing a bone fracture: Consolidation - --remodeling when the
distance between bone fragments decreases and eventually closes
-immature bone cells are gradually replaced by mature bone cells
