BIO 436 Lecture 4 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
What are the two major ways in which cells of the body communicate systemically?
✅1) endocrine system
2) nervous system
What is a neuron? ✅a nerve cell that has a cell body, dendrites, axon, axon hillock,
and axon terminals
What are nerves? ✅are bundles of neurons - both afferent and efferent neurons are
"bundled" together
How many spinal nerves are there? ✅31 pairs
How many cervical nerves are there? ✅8 pairs (C1-C8)
How many thoracic nerves? ✅12 pairs (T1-T12)
How many lumbar nerves? ✅5 pairs (L1-L5)
How many sacral nerves? ✅5 pairs(S1-S5)
How many coocygeal? ✅1 pair
What is the function of sensory/afferent neurons? ✅conduct impulses into CNS form
PNS
- receive or bring information form outside stimuli to CNS, in through dorsal root of the
spinal cord
What is the function of motor/efferent neurons? ✅carry out impulses from the CNS, out
of ventral root into the body (effector organs, glands, muscles)
Receptors ✅sensory neuron into CNS from PNS
Skeletal muscles ✅somatic motor neuron from CNS to PNS
Smooth muscle , Cardiac muscle, glands ✅autonomic motor neurons from CNS to
PNS
How do cells signal one another? ✅through neurotransmitter, nervous system,
endocrine and through the use of molecules (peptides, proteins, amino acids, etc.)
and Correct Answers
What are the two major ways in which cells of the body communicate systemically?
✅1) endocrine system
2) nervous system
What is a neuron? ✅a nerve cell that has a cell body, dendrites, axon, axon hillock,
and axon terminals
What are nerves? ✅are bundles of neurons - both afferent and efferent neurons are
"bundled" together
How many spinal nerves are there? ✅31 pairs
How many cervical nerves are there? ✅8 pairs (C1-C8)
How many thoracic nerves? ✅12 pairs (T1-T12)
How many lumbar nerves? ✅5 pairs (L1-L5)
How many sacral nerves? ✅5 pairs(S1-S5)
How many coocygeal? ✅1 pair
What is the function of sensory/afferent neurons? ✅conduct impulses into CNS form
PNS
- receive or bring information form outside stimuli to CNS, in through dorsal root of the
spinal cord
What is the function of motor/efferent neurons? ✅carry out impulses from the CNS, out
of ventral root into the body (effector organs, glands, muscles)
Receptors ✅sensory neuron into CNS from PNS
Skeletal muscles ✅somatic motor neuron from CNS to PNS
Smooth muscle , Cardiac muscle, glands ✅autonomic motor neurons from CNS to
PNS
How do cells signal one another? ✅through neurotransmitter, nervous system,
endocrine and through the use of molecules (peptides, proteins, amino acids, etc.)
