Test Bank for Life Span Human Development 9th Edition
Sigelman / All Chapters 1 - / All Chapters
with Answers and Rationals
Some genes are _____, which means "many forms." - ANSWER: polymorphic
An individual's collection of genes is called a "phenotype." - ANSWER: False
Genes and alleles for alcoholism have been found exclusively on the Y chromosome. - ANSWER: False
Each human body cell contains _____ chromosomes. - ANSWER: 46
A variation that makes a gene different in some way from other genes for the same characteristics is
a(n) _____. - ANSWER: allele
One aspect of both nature and nurture that profoundly affects each person is the _____, which refers
to all microbes that live within every part of the body. - ANSWER: microbiome
Every ovum a woman creates contains an X chromosome. (T or F) - ANSWER: True
Genes are located on chromosomes (T or F) - ANSWER: True
The general term for the techniques designed to help an infertile couple conceive and then sustain a
pregnancy is in vitro fertilization (IVF). (T or F) - ANSWER: False
Dr. Garcia studies how environmental factors affect gene expression—enhancing, halting, shaping, or
altering the expression of genes. Dr. Garcia studies _____. - ANSWER: epigenetics
What is epigenetics? - ANSWER: the study of how the environment affects which genes are expressed
A teratogen is any agent or condition that increases the risk for _____. - ANSWER: prenatal
abnormalities
What is a teratogen? - ANSWER: any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal
period
A woman carrying dizygotic twins drinks alcohol. The twins' blood alcohol levels are equal, yet one
twin may be more severely affected than the other because their alleles for the enzyme that
metabolizes alcohol differ. This is evidence that the _____ influence the effects of teratogens. -
ANSWER: genes of the embryo/fetus
By the end of the ____ prenatal month, sex organs develop and are soon visible via ultrasound. -
ANSWER: third
Alice is pregnant and wants to ensure that she does everything she can to prevent the occurrence of a
neural-tube defect in her child. She makes sure that she has the proper amount of _____ in her diet. -
ANSWER: folic acid
A threshold effect means that some teratogens are virtually harmless until exposure reaches a certain
level, at which point they become damaging (T or F) - ANSWER: True
The effects of behavioral teratogens may last a lifetime.
(T or F) - ANSWER: True
, The first two weeks of prenatal development are called the fetal period. (T or F) - ANSWER: False
About 20 percent of all children have difficulties that could be connected to behavioral teratogens. (T
or F) - ANSWER: True
The Apgar scale refers to the age at which a fetus might survive if born. (T or F) - ANSWER: False
The germinal period ends approximately _____ after conception. - ANSWER: 2 weeks
A child shows no interest in contact with her mother following a separation. This child does not
specifically resist the mothers' efforts, but she will not seek much contact. She shows no preference
for her mother over a stranger. Which attachment style describes this child? - ANSWER:
Insecure/avoidant
Babbling with a rising intonation seems to signal
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: the onset of language reception.
a desire for a response.
anger.
Under what circumstances will a recessive gene be expressed? - ANSWER: When it is paired with
another recessive gene for the same trait
Research evidence correlates neurological differences with differences in temperament. What is a
basic argument against the conclusions drawn from such results?
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: -The relationship between brain structure and shyness is illusory.
- Environmental influences can alter brain structure just as brain structure can alter behavior.
- Environmental influences have a greater influence on behavior than do differences in brain
structure.
Emily has smoked an average of one pack of cigarettes per day throughout her pregnancy. How is this
likely to affect her fetus? - ANSWER: The infant may weigh less than normal at birth.
Attention is regulated by which of the following structures?
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: Reticular formation
Spinal cord
Temporal lobe
Around what age does the emergence of holophrases typically occur? - ANSWER: 12-18 months
What is the name of the sheath that develops around axons that serves as insulation and speeds
neural transmissions? - ANSWER: Myelin
The first stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development is called - ANSWER: sensorimotor.
Which of the following best defines intelligence? - ANSWER: The ability to take in and use information
to function within a particular environment.
According to Jean Piaget, ______________________ describe deliberate experimentation with
variations of previous actions that occur in the sensorimotor period. - ANSWER: tertiary circular
reactions
Which stage of pregnancy begins when implantation is complete and continues through
organogenesis? - ANSWER: Embryonic stage
A normally developing fetus has reached a length of 12 inches and weighs about one pound. Using
ultrasound, it is possible to tell if the fetus is male or female. In which stage of development is this
fetus? - ANSWER: Fetal
Sigelman / All Chapters 1 - / All Chapters
with Answers and Rationals
Some genes are _____, which means "many forms." - ANSWER: polymorphic
An individual's collection of genes is called a "phenotype." - ANSWER: False
Genes and alleles for alcoholism have been found exclusively on the Y chromosome. - ANSWER: False
Each human body cell contains _____ chromosomes. - ANSWER: 46
A variation that makes a gene different in some way from other genes for the same characteristics is
a(n) _____. - ANSWER: allele
One aspect of both nature and nurture that profoundly affects each person is the _____, which refers
to all microbes that live within every part of the body. - ANSWER: microbiome
Every ovum a woman creates contains an X chromosome. (T or F) - ANSWER: True
Genes are located on chromosomes (T or F) - ANSWER: True
The general term for the techniques designed to help an infertile couple conceive and then sustain a
pregnancy is in vitro fertilization (IVF). (T or F) - ANSWER: False
Dr. Garcia studies how environmental factors affect gene expression—enhancing, halting, shaping, or
altering the expression of genes. Dr. Garcia studies _____. - ANSWER: epigenetics
What is epigenetics? - ANSWER: the study of how the environment affects which genes are expressed
A teratogen is any agent or condition that increases the risk for _____. - ANSWER: prenatal
abnormalities
What is a teratogen? - ANSWER: any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal
period
A woman carrying dizygotic twins drinks alcohol. The twins' blood alcohol levels are equal, yet one
twin may be more severely affected than the other because their alleles for the enzyme that
metabolizes alcohol differ. This is evidence that the _____ influence the effects of teratogens. -
ANSWER: genes of the embryo/fetus
By the end of the ____ prenatal month, sex organs develop and are soon visible via ultrasound. -
ANSWER: third
Alice is pregnant and wants to ensure that she does everything she can to prevent the occurrence of a
neural-tube defect in her child. She makes sure that she has the proper amount of _____ in her diet. -
ANSWER: folic acid
A threshold effect means that some teratogens are virtually harmless until exposure reaches a certain
level, at which point they become damaging (T or F) - ANSWER: True
The effects of behavioral teratogens may last a lifetime.
(T or F) - ANSWER: True
, The first two weeks of prenatal development are called the fetal period. (T or F) - ANSWER: False
About 20 percent of all children have difficulties that could be connected to behavioral teratogens. (T
or F) - ANSWER: True
The Apgar scale refers to the age at which a fetus might survive if born. (T or F) - ANSWER: False
The germinal period ends approximately _____ after conception. - ANSWER: 2 weeks
A child shows no interest in contact with her mother following a separation. This child does not
specifically resist the mothers' efforts, but she will not seek much contact. She shows no preference
for her mother over a stranger. Which attachment style describes this child? - ANSWER:
Insecure/avoidant
Babbling with a rising intonation seems to signal
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: the onset of language reception.
a desire for a response.
anger.
Under what circumstances will a recessive gene be expressed? - ANSWER: When it is paired with
another recessive gene for the same trait
Research evidence correlates neurological differences with differences in temperament. What is a
basic argument against the conclusions drawn from such results?
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: -The relationship between brain structure and shyness is illusory.
- Environmental influences can alter brain structure just as brain structure can alter behavior.
- Environmental influences have a greater influence on behavior than do differences in brain
structure.
Emily has smoked an average of one pack of cigarettes per day throughout her pregnancy. How is this
likely to affect her fetus? - ANSWER: The infant may weigh less than normal at birth.
Attention is regulated by which of the following structures?
NOT FINISHED - ANSWER: Reticular formation
Spinal cord
Temporal lobe
Around what age does the emergence of holophrases typically occur? - ANSWER: 12-18 months
What is the name of the sheath that develops around axons that serves as insulation and speeds
neural transmissions? - ANSWER: Myelin
The first stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development is called - ANSWER: sensorimotor.
Which of the following best defines intelligence? - ANSWER: The ability to take in and use information
to function within a particular environment.
According to Jean Piaget, ______________________ describe deliberate experimentation with
variations of previous actions that occur in the sensorimotor period. - ANSWER: tertiary circular
reactions
Which stage of pregnancy begins when implantation is complete and continues through
organogenesis? - ANSWER: Embryonic stage
A normally developing fetus has reached a length of 12 inches and weighs about one pound. Using
ultrasound, it is possible to tell if the fetus is male or female. In which stage of development is this
fetus? - ANSWER: Fetal
