FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
REVIEW
Water contents in average person (TBW) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Male: 60%
Female: 50-55%
Elderly: 45-55%
Infants: 70-80%
Primary Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWERS-Na+
K+
Ca++
Mg
P
Cl-
ICF - CORRECT ANSWERS-Intracellular Fluid
ICF Info - CORRECT ANSWERS-about 40% of TBW
maintains cell size & function
ECF - CORRECT ANSWERS-Extracellular Fluid
ECF Info - CORRECT ANSWERS-~15-20% of TBW
Intravascular Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS-inside blood (plasma)
5%
Interstitial Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS-between cells, outside vascular space
15%
Transcellular Space - CORRECT ANSWERS-small amount of fluid in GI tract,
cerebrospinal fluid, pleural, synovial, & peritoneal fluids
Body Fluid Regulation Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Fluid & Electrolyte Shifting - CORRECT ANSWERS-Osmosis
Diffusion
Filtration
Active Transport
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-movement of solvent (water) across semi-permeable
membrane from area of lower concentration to higher
, Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS-holds fluid in it's space; without it, water leaks out and
causes edema with free moving fluid
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-movement of solutes from higher concentration to
lower
Osmosis and Diffusion Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Oncotic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS-Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins,
especially albumin; large molecules hold fluid in vascular space
Osmolality - CORRECT ANSWERS-osmotic force of solute per unit of wt of solvent;
describes fluids inside the body
Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS-total milliosmoles of solute per unit of volume of
solute; describes fluids outside the body
Osmolality vs. Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS-Often used interchangeably; Force
of solute that forces solute one way or the other
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-same concentration of particles as plasma
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-greater concentration of particles than plasma;
bolus feeding/tube feeding
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-lesser concentration of particles than plasma; water
based to keep cells plump
-Tonic Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Edema - CORRECT ANSWERS-fluid shifts from vascular space to interstitial space
"Third Spacing" - CORRECT ANSWERS-major fluid shift from intravascular to interstitial
space
"Third Spacing" Problems - CORRECT ANSWERS-causes hypovolemia, hypotension,
tachycardia, dec UOP
Ascites - CORRECT ANSWERS-fluid in abdominal interstitial space
Illnesses that cause F&E Imbalance - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cancer (N&V)
Surgery (Blood Loss)
Diabetes
CHF
Renal Failure
REVIEW
Water contents in average person (TBW) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Male: 60%
Female: 50-55%
Elderly: 45-55%
Infants: 70-80%
Primary Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWERS-Na+
K+
Ca++
Mg
P
Cl-
ICF - CORRECT ANSWERS-Intracellular Fluid
ICF Info - CORRECT ANSWERS-about 40% of TBW
maintains cell size & function
ECF - CORRECT ANSWERS-Extracellular Fluid
ECF Info - CORRECT ANSWERS-~15-20% of TBW
Intravascular Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS-inside blood (plasma)
5%
Interstitial Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS-between cells, outside vascular space
15%
Transcellular Space - CORRECT ANSWERS-small amount of fluid in GI tract,
cerebrospinal fluid, pleural, synovial, & peritoneal fluids
Body Fluid Regulation Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Fluid & Electrolyte Shifting - CORRECT ANSWERS-Osmosis
Diffusion
Filtration
Active Transport
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-movement of solvent (water) across semi-permeable
membrane from area of lower concentration to higher
, Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS-holds fluid in it's space; without it, water leaks out and
causes edema with free moving fluid
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-movement of solutes from higher concentration to
lower
Osmosis and Diffusion Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Oncotic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS-Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins,
especially albumin; large molecules hold fluid in vascular space
Osmolality - CORRECT ANSWERS-osmotic force of solute per unit of wt of solvent;
describes fluids inside the body
Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS-total milliosmoles of solute per unit of volume of
solute; describes fluids outside the body
Osmolality vs. Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS-Often used interchangeably; Force
of solute that forces solute one way or the other
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-same concentration of particles as plasma
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-greater concentration of particles than plasma;
bolus feeding/tube feeding
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-lesser concentration of particles than plasma; water
based to keep cells plump
-Tonic Image - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Edema - CORRECT ANSWERS-fluid shifts from vascular space to interstitial space
"Third Spacing" - CORRECT ANSWERS-major fluid shift from intravascular to interstitial
space
"Third Spacing" Problems - CORRECT ANSWERS-causes hypovolemia, hypotension,
tachycardia, dec UOP
Ascites - CORRECT ANSWERS-fluid in abdominal interstitial space
Illnesses that cause F&E Imbalance - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cancer (N&V)
Surgery (Blood Loss)
Diabetes
CHF
Renal Failure
