POAT- unit 5 LE Amputations
What is the leading cause of amputations – answer dyscalculic disease (poor vascular
status)
-peripheral vascular dz
-peripheral arterial dz
-peripheral arterial occlusion dz6
-diabetes
-arteriosclerosis
-thromboembolism
-chronic venous insufficiency
-complicated by neuropathy
-amputation of contralateral limb in 50% of pts in 2-5yrs
What is PVD - answerdz of blood vessels outside the brain and heart, narrows and
occludes vessels
S/sx of peripheral vascular disease - answer-intermitted claudication
-decreased pedal pulses
-dry skin
-hair loss
-clubbing toenails
-ulceration
-ischemia
What is intermittent claudication - answerpainful cramp or feeling of muscle fatigue
-happens distal to stenotic vessel
-pt complains of pain/fatigue during the exercise which is relieved with rest
-as dz progresses pt will complain of the same pain at night when not in dependent
position
S/sx of peripheral arterial disease - answer-intermittent claudication pain
-no edema
-no or weak pulse
-no drainage
-sores on toes and feet
-rest pain: relieved w/ dependent position
s/sx PVD - answer-dully achy pain
-edema
-pulse
, -sores on ankle
-hemosiderin staining
What is s/sx for PAD - answer-intermittent claudication
-numb/pain in legs or feet at rest
-cold hands, legs, feet
-pale/blue legs
-weak or absent pulses in legs
-sores, ulcers or infection of feet and legs that heal slowly or not at all
-swelling in LE
What is PAOD - answerperipheral arterial occlusive disease
PAOD s/sx - answer-cold LE
-numb, weak
-no pulse or weak pulse
-intermittent claudication
same as PAD but now there is an occlusion
Risk factors for PAD - answer-diabetes
-smoking
-TN
-coronary heart dz
-stroke
-over 50 yrs old
-male
-high homocysteine levels in blood
-FHx
What is the most predisposing factor for LE amputation - answerHTN in ppl with
diabetes
What are the three most common predisposing signs for LE amputation - answer-
diabetes and HTN
-HTN
-diabetes
How does diabetes affect the venous system - answer-damage to blood vessels &
nerves via elevated blood sugar
-impaired sensation and circulation
-> peripheral neuropathy, ulceration, vision impairments, PVD, impaired healing
Diabetic ulceration often results in - answeramputation
What is the leading cause of amputations – answer dyscalculic disease (poor vascular
status)
-peripheral vascular dz
-peripheral arterial dz
-peripheral arterial occlusion dz6
-diabetes
-arteriosclerosis
-thromboembolism
-chronic venous insufficiency
-complicated by neuropathy
-amputation of contralateral limb in 50% of pts in 2-5yrs
What is PVD - answerdz of blood vessels outside the brain and heart, narrows and
occludes vessels
S/sx of peripheral vascular disease - answer-intermitted claudication
-decreased pedal pulses
-dry skin
-hair loss
-clubbing toenails
-ulceration
-ischemia
What is intermittent claudication - answerpainful cramp or feeling of muscle fatigue
-happens distal to stenotic vessel
-pt complains of pain/fatigue during the exercise which is relieved with rest
-as dz progresses pt will complain of the same pain at night when not in dependent
position
S/sx of peripheral arterial disease - answer-intermittent claudication pain
-no edema
-no or weak pulse
-no drainage
-sores on toes and feet
-rest pain: relieved w/ dependent position
s/sx PVD - answer-dully achy pain
-edema
-pulse
, -sores on ankle
-hemosiderin staining
What is s/sx for PAD - answer-intermittent claudication
-numb/pain in legs or feet at rest
-cold hands, legs, feet
-pale/blue legs
-weak or absent pulses in legs
-sores, ulcers or infection of feet and legs that heal slowly or not at all
-swelling in LE
What is PAOD - answerperipheral arterial occlusive disease
PAOD s/sx - answer-cold LE
-numb, weak
-no pulse or weak pulse
-intermittent claudication
same as PAD but now there is an occlusion
Risk factors for PAD - answer-diabetes
-smoking
-TN
-coronary heart dz
-stroke
-over 50 yrs old
-male
-high homocysteine levels in blood
-FHx
What is the most predisposing factor for LE amputation - answerHTN in ppl with
diabetes
What are the three most common predisposing signs for LE amputation - answer-
diabetes and HTN
-HTN
-diabetes
How does diabetes affect the venous system - answer-damage to blood vessels &
nerves via elevated blood sugar
-impaired sensation and circulation
-> peripheral neuropathy, ulceration, vision impairments, PVD, impaired healing
Diabetic ulceration often results in - answeramputation
