MSN 570 HESI Questions and answers latest update 2024.

MSN 570 HESI Questions and answers latest
update 2024


Romberg test - answer-used to evaluate cerebellar function and balance
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mitral valve prolapse - answer-systolic click heard at apical area, pt asymptomatic, need
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echo w/ doppler to confirm dx
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Treatment for patient w/ HF - answer-ACE & ARBS in combination w/ beta blocker &
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diuretic
b




paroxysmal atrial tachycardia - answer-rapid, regular contractions of the atria that
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begins and ends quickly
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Side effect of Calcium Channel Blockers - answer-headache, heart blocks, bradycardia
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apical pulse difference - answer-done when both radial and apical pulses are checked
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at same time
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For pt w/ emphysema - answer-do not give beta blockers because it decreases
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response to bronchodilators
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pluses paradoxus - answer-Decrease in systolic blood pressure (by 10mmHG) during
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inspiration
b




S2 sounds - answer-caused by closure of semilunar valve
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aortic stenosis murmur - answer-harsh and high pitched, best heard at the 2nd right
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intercostal space w/ radiation to carotid arteries
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Addisson's disease - answer-findings: hyperpigmentation , hyperkalemia, hyponatremia
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and decrease serum cortisol levels
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Hashimoto's disease - answer-an autoimmune disease in which the body's own
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antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland; an enlarged thyroid is first
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sign of disease
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Somogyi phenomenon - answer-A rebound phenomenon that occurs in clients with type
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1 diabetes mellitus. Normal or elevated blood glucose levels are present at bedtime;
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, b hypoglycemia occurs at about 2 to 3 am. Counterregulatory hormones, glucagon
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b (converted to glucose )produced to prevent further hypoglycemia, result in
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b hyperglycemia Treatment includes decreasing the evening (predinner or bedtime) dose
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b of intermediate acting insulin or increasing the bedtime snack.
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Regular insulin - answer-short acting; onset 15-20 mins peak 1.5 hrs duration 3-4 hours
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NPH insulin - answer-intermediate acting insulin; onset 1.5-3 hrs, peak 4-12 hours,
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duration 18-24 hours
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low free T4 - answer-requires start of Synthroid
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TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) - answer-stimulates thyroid gland; best screening for
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hypothyroidism
b




Meniere's disease - answer-disorder of inner ear causing episodic vertigo, tinnitus, and
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hearing loss, sense of ear fullness
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Hemoglobin A1c - answer-4-6% = good glucose control > 6.6 =DM 2 Tretment goal <7
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Cushing's syndrome - answer-a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels
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of cortisol
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newly diagnosed DM 2 - answer-strenuous exercise is contraindicated because of risk
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of hypoglycemia
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis - answer-an autoimmune disease in which the body's own
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antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland; test w anti-thyroid
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peroxidase
b




myxedema - answer-caused by extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion; also known as
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adult hypothyroidism
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Obturator sign - answer-RLQ pain on internal rotation of right thigh indicative of
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appendicitis
b




Diverticulitis Treatment - answer-rest, liquid or low-fiber diet, and antibiotics. Severe
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cases may need hospital care and surgery. Doctors may recommend a high-fiber diet
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after recovery to prevent future episodes
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iliopsosas muscle test - answer-active flexion of thigh at hip, if pain = appendicitis
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Celiac Sprue Disease - answer-diet= avoid wheat, rye & barley; may have rice
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Cullen's sign - answer-bruising in the skin around the umbilicus; associated with acute
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pancreatitis
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