14.1 National development Physical factors leading Chad, arid climate. 80% of the population
to economic stagnation are living below the poverty line.
in Chad The country’s capital is 1,000+ km away
Causes of global inequalities from the nearest seaport. The Sahara
desert in the north of Chad has yearly
precipitation under 50mm and only palm
groves can survive in this climate. NSAS
aquifer depletion.
Infertile soil, inconsistent yields and only
2% of the land is suitable for cultivation.
Vs. Hungary, with temperate climate and
also landlocked, by 55% of the land is
fertile and produces wheat and barley.
Also benefits from CAP.
Natural hazards in Located along the Pacific ring of fire. 60%
Philippines and Haiti of land area vulnerable.
(LIC’s) 2006, Durian hurricane widescale
destruction, cat 5, 1200 deaths. 2013,
Haiyan hurricane. Mudflows, torrential
rain, volcanoes.
From Haiyan: 3/4 of farmers and fishers
lost their income. $13 billion losses.
Continuous economic loss, 20 typhoons
per year. Lack of FDI and a low-growth
trajectory.
Civil unrest in Darfur, East Africa. War of Northern Arabs
Sudan against Southern Christians in
2003.Rebels claimed negelection by
government. Burnt down villages killing
200,000 people
2 million survivors left homeless.
large channels of refugee flows,
increased military spending and
deployment as well as trade disruptions.
Export earning reduced, GDP growth fell
by 6%. TNC’s such as Chevron have left
Sudan over human rights organisations
pressure to exit due to unsafe working
conditions.
, Unstable government Recent strikes in the oil and gas sector,
in Algeria 2019 crucial to Algeria's economy, have
impacted production. The oil sector is
80% government owned, with the major
company being Sonatrach. Mass strikes
are caused because the population wants
to overthrow the President. Oil and gas
field engineers... working on energy
pipelines and transportation
participated, there was disruption to the
energy output of this 3rd largest supplier
of natural gas to Europe.
Exceptions to the rules Singapore is a small island nation on the
equator but its economic growth has
been rapid and it is now an HIC. $560
billion in trade in 2020.
Eg. Japan suffers from a number of
natural hazards…
But it is one of the leading economies in
the world.
Measuring development GDP- successful Finland has a GDP of 298 billion and is in
stage 4 of the DTM (lots of money
Total value of goods available for public spending and 9/1000
and services produced deaths per year, with majority of children
in a country per year/ receiving secondary education.) This is
population expected. The anthesis is Afghanistan,
with a GDP of 14.8 billion and is in stage
2 of the DTM (Taliban corruption, threat
of terrorism, no female education,
30/1000 BR, stress on voluntary
doctors..) Both examples follow this link.
Finland also has a Happiness index of 7.8
vs 2.5 in Afghanistan
GDP- Bad Almost 60% of Mexicans work in the
informal economy. There is a large
Informal economy and circulation of money from street venders
negative externalities and unregistered businesses, un taxed
but all boosting cumulative causation.
Therefor, GDP solely is not a good
indicator. And low level of GDP per
capita..
Additionally, doesn’t consider social