CSEP-CPT Theory Exam / Revised Questions
and Answers / Sure A+
Benefits of exercising during pregnancy: - DECREASED:
- risk of preeclampsia
- risk of gestational diabetes
- risk of gestational hypertension
- urinary incontinence
IMPROVED:
- posture (alleviates discomfort)
- overall fitness (and helps prepare body for birth)
- sleep
Benefits of flexibility training: - - can increase flexibility
- limits tendency of ligaments and tendons to shorted and restrict movement
- helps prevent injuries
- improves posture (& reduces lower back pain)
- improves balance during movement
Best fruits and vegetables to get folate? - - dark leafy greens
- asparagus
- broccoli
- Brussel sprouts
- green peas
- avocado
- oranges (& OJ)
,Characteristics of Fast Glycolytic fibers (Type 2x) - Structure: intermediate diameter, low capillary
density (very little mitochondria or myoglobin), high glycogen storage (anaerobic)
Metabolic:
- anaerobic: creatine phosphate pathway and glycogenolysis
- VERY high myosin ATPase activity; fastest contractility
- last fiber type to be recruited
Function:
- quick burst power activities (highest power production, lowest fatigue resistance; seconds - <1 min)
- weight lifting, sprints etc.
Characteristics of Fast Oxidative fibers (Type 2a) - - Structure: largest diameter, high capillary
density, LOTS of mitochondria, moderate amount of stored glycogen
Metabolic:
- depends on aerobic conditions (uses glucose +oxygen) but can switch to anaerobic (PCr)
- fast contractility due to high myosin ATPase activity
- myoglobin density relatively high
Function:
- second fiber type recruited; moderate power production
- walking muscles (moderately fatigue resistant ~<30 mins)
- high intensity (ie. sprinting) but for no longer than 1 min.
Characteristics of Slow-Twitch Oxidative Fibers (Type 1) - - Structure: small diameter, high capillary
density, large amount of mitochondria
Metabolic:
- depend on aerobic cellular respiration (lots of ATP but slower because of length of oxidative pathway)
,- Slowest contraction speed b/c of decreased myosin ATPase activity
- high myoglobin levels
- store energy as triglycerides
- Function: endurance (very fatigue resistant), postural muscles (low stimulation threshold), lowest
power production
Define aerobic capacity: - How much oxygen can be consumed by a particular group of muscles
for a period of time (muscle and task-specific)
Define aerobic endurance: - The relative intensity of exercise (to one's VO2max) that an individual
can maintain for a period of time
Define aerobic power: - Maximal rate of oxygen consumption to do sustained or near-continuous
work per unit time.
Define balance and metastability: - Balance: task-specific ability to control either static or dynamic
equilibrium which maintaining a stable position
Metastability: a degree of stable instability or relative instability (without either it would be impossible
to move and also to remain upright)
Define coordination and balance (as a united definition) - Abilities of the neuromuscular system to
achieve defined motor patterns in a proficient manner
Define mental health: - A state of balance in all aspects of one's life (social, physical, spiritual,
economic, and mental). Reaching a balance is a learning process.
Define muscular power: - ability to produce force in a brief amount of time (speed-strength)
Define muscular strength - the ability to produce maximal force at a given speed
, Define Physical Literacy: - The motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and
understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activity for life
Define pronation - Lying face down
Define rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: - Rheumatoid: auto-immune disease causing
chronic inflammation or joints
Osteoarthritis: degenerative joint condition affecting weight-bearing joints
Define supination - Lying face up
Define the frontal plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - - Separates the body into
anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
- abduction/adduction & side flexion
Define the sagittal plane. What movements occur within this plane? - - Divides the body along the
midline into left and right halves
- flexion/extension
Define the transverse plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - - Separates the body into
superior (toward the head/upper body) and inferior (away from the head) portions
- internal/external rotation & horizontal flexion/extension & supination/pronation
Define:
- Antagonistic pairs of muscles
- agonist muscles
and Answers / Sure A+
Benefits of exercising during pregnancy: - DECREASED:
- risk of preeclampsia
- risk of gestational diabetes
- risk of gestational hypertension
- urinary incontinence
IMPROVED:
- posture (alleviates discomfort)
- overall fitness (and helps prepare body for birth)
- sleep
Benefits of flexibility training: - - can increase flexibility
- limits tendency of ligaments and tendons to shorted and restrict movement
- helps prevent injuries
- improves posture (& reduces lower back pain)
- improves balance during movement
Best fruits and vegetables to get folate? - - dark leafy greens
- asparagus
- broccoli
- Brussel sprouts
- green peas
- avocado
- oranges (& OJ)
,Characteristics of Fast Glycolytic fibers (Type 2x) - Structure: intermediate diameter, low capillary
density (very little mitochondria or myoglobin), high glycogen storage (anaerobic)
Metabolic:
- anaerobic: creatine phosphate pathway and glycogenolysis
- VERY high myosin ATPase activity; fastest contractility
- last fiber type to be recruited
Function:
- quick burst power activities (highest power production, lowest fatigue resistance; seconds - <1 min)
- weight lifting, sprints etc.
Characteristics of Fast Oxidative fibers (Type 2a) - - Structure: largest diameter, high capillary
density, LOTS of mitochondria, moderate amount of stored glycogen
Metabolic:
- depends on aerobic conditions (uses glucose +oxygen) but can switch to anaerobic (PCr)
- fast contractility due to high myosin ATPase activity
- myoglobin density relatively high
Function:
- second fiber type recruited; moderate power production
- walking muscles (moderately fatigue resistant ~<30 mins)
- high intensity (ie. sprinting) but for no longer than 1 min.
Characteristics of Slow-Twitch Oxidative Fibers (Type 1) - - Structure: small diameter, high capillary
density, large amount of mitochondria
Metabolic:
- depend on aerobic cellular respiration (lots of ATP but slower because of length of oxidative pathway)
,- Slowest contraction speed b/c of decreased myosin ATPase activity
- high myoglobin levels
- store energy as triglycerides
- Function: endurance (very fatigue resistant), postural muscles (low stimulation threshold), lowest
power production
Define aerobic capacity: - How much oxygen can be consumed by a particular group of muscles
for a period of time (muscle and task-specific)
Define aerobic endurance: - The relative intensity of exercise (to one's VO2max) that an individual
can maintain for a period of time
Define aerobic power: - Maximal rate of oxygen consumption to do sustained or near-continuous
work per unit time.
Define balance and metastability: - Balance: task-specific ability to control either static or dynamic
equilibrium which maintaining a stable position
Metastability: a degree of stable instability or relative instability (without either it would be impossible
to move and also to remain upright)
Define coordination and balance (as a united definition) - Abilities of the neuromuscular system to
achieve defined motor patterns in a proficient manner
Define mental health: - A state of balance in all aspects of one's life (social, physical, spiritual,
economic, and mental). Reaching a balance is a learning process.
Define muscular power: - ability to produce force in a brief amount of time (speed-strength)
Define muscular strength - the ability to produce maximal force at a given speed
, Define Physical Literacy: - The motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and
understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activity for life
Define pronation - Lying face down
Define rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: - Rheumatoid: auto-immune disease causing
chronic inflammation or joints
Osteoarthritis: degenerative joint condition affecting weight-bearing joints
Define supination - Lying face up
Define the frontal plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - - Separates the body into
anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
- abduction/adduction & side flexion
Define the sagittal plane. What movements occur within this plane? - - Divides the body along the
midline into left and right halves
- flexion/extension
Define the transverse plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - - Separates the body into
superior (toward the head/upper body) and inferior (away from the head) portions
- internal/external rotation & horizontal flexion/extension & supination/pronation
Define:
- Antagonistic pairs of muscles
- agonist muscles
