PORTAGE LEARNING AP2 MODULE 4 EXAM 2024 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

PORTAGE LEARNING AP2
MODULE 4 EXAM 2024
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
T or F: The cardiovascular system is the study of the organs of the body. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False (study of heart and blood vessels)

T or F: The tough, thick sac that encloses the heart and anchors it to the diagram is the
pericardium. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True

T or F: The abdominal cavity contains the heart. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False
(thoracic cavity)

Which layer of the heart is continuous with the blood vessels linings? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Endocardium

T or F: The left ventricle faces anteriorly, towards the sternum. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False (the right ventricle faces anteriorly- closest to the sternum).

Describe the location of the heart to the diaphragm - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The
heart is located superior to the diaphragm.

The two upper chambers of the heart are called_____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Atria

The two lower chambers of the heart are called _______________. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Ventricles

What is the purpose of the fossa ovalis in a fetus? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>It allows
fetal blood to move directly from right to left atrium, bypassing the undeveloped
lungs. (closes during birth so that the lungs can receive oxygen once the baby is
born)

Label all heart chambers and valves. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chambers- Septum,
Atria and Ventricles.
Vales- Pulmonary Valve, Aortic Valve, Tricuspid Valve and Mitral Valve (Bicuspid)

What is the purpose of the mitral valve? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Controls the flow
of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle

What is the purpose of veins? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Carry de-oxygenated blood
back to the heart

, True or False: Veins are primarily responsible for the vessel's ability to control
peripheral resistance. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False

How does the contraction and relaxation of the arterioles help to control blood
pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Contraction increases blood pressure and
relaxation decreases blood pressure.

What does compliance mean? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Stretching with little re-
coil.

What are the three layers of a vessel? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Tunica externa
(superficial), tunica media, tunica intima (closest to the lumen)

True or false: Only arteries contain a tunica media. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False
(all vessels contain three layers but in differing proportions)

Capillaries are interconnected to form _____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Capillary beds

Label all the blood vessels which supply blood to the heart. It is required for you to
recognize the orientation of the heart in the picture. For example, what is the artery
highlighted in blue in the figure below? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Left coronary
artery

The aortic arch becomes the __________as it moves inferiorly. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Descending aorta

What are the three branches off the aortic arch? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Brachiocephalic trunk (right), left common carotid, left subclavian

Label all major branches to/from the heart. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Thoracic Aorta,
Inferior Vena Cava, Superior Vena Cava, Brachiocephalic Trunk

What is unique about the Circle of Willis? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The Circle of
Willis has a unique feature of providing alternate circulation in case one of the
arteries becomes blocked.

Know general location of Circle of Willis in relation to its position in the brain. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cerebral arterial circle

Label all vessels of the Circle of Willis circulation. For example, what vessel is
highlighted in blue below? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Internal carotid (left)

True or False: Blood is classified as epithelial tissue. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False
(connective tissue)