Galen NUR 210 Exam 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update.

Galen NUR 210 Exam 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update. Beta adrenergic blockers end in- Correct Ans: olol Alpha-adrenergic blockers end in- Correct Ans: sin Calcium Channel Blockers end in- Correct Ans: pine Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors end in- Correct Ans: pril Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) end in- Correct Ans: sartan or -tan Physiological risk factors for hypertension - Correct Ans: Excessive intake of saturated fat and simple carbohydrates -Alcohol: increases renin secretions Cultural responses to antihypertensive agents- Correct Ans: African Americans -Asian Americans Drugs that can be used as dual therapy along with a diuretic for African Americans- Correct Ans: Metropolol -Lisinopril Drugs that can be used as monotherapy in African Americans- Correct Ans: Prazosin -Nifidipine Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic blockers) Action- Correct Ans: Blocks the adrenergic affect, which lowers blood pressure and heart rate Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic blockers) Uses- Correct Ans: Hypertension -Also used as an anti-dysrhythmic and anti-angina Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic Blockers) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Depresses the sympathetic nervous system -Drowsy, dizzy, weak, headache, nasal stuffiness -Constricts pupil/blurred vision (ok for glaucoma) -Sexual dysfunction -Depression -Hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia -Photosensitivity -Hypoglycemia -Bronchospasm Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic blockers) Contraindications- Correct Ans: Heart block -Hypotension -Acute heart failure -Bradycardia Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic blockers) Caution- Correct Ans: Diabetes -Asthma -Liver, kidney or thyroid dysfunction Metropolol (Beta-adrenergic blockers) Interactions- Correct Ans: Other drugs that lower heart rate or blood pressure -OTC cold medications -Alcohol -Anti-diabetic drugs -NSAIDS decrease effectiveness Prazosin (Alpha-adrenergic blockers) Action - Correct Answer-Block the alpha-adrergic receptors, resulting in vasodilation and decreased blood pressure Prazosin (Alpha-adrenergic blockers) Uses- Correct Ans: Hypertension -Heart failure -Benign prostatic hypertrophy Prazosin (Alpha-adrenergic blockers) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Dizzy, drowsy -Dry mouth -headache -Abdominal pain -Urinary incontinence -Orthostatic hypotension, hypotension -Palpitations Prazosin (Alpha-adrenergic blockers) Contraindications- Correct Ans: Renal Disease (caution with angina) Prazosin (Alpha-adrenergic blockers) Interactions- Correct Ans: Other drugs that lower blood pressure -Alcohol -OTC cold medications Nifidipine (Calcium Channel Blockers) Action - Correct Answer-Blocks calcium's movement in and out of cells which promotes vasodilation and decreased heart rate Nifidipine (Calcium Channel Blockers) Uses- Correct Ans: Hypertension -Anti-angina -Anti-dysrhythmic -Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) Nifidipine (Calcium Channel Blockers) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Flushing -Headache -Dizziness -Ankle edema -Hypotension, orthostatic hypotension -Bradycardia Lisinopril (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors) Action- Correct Ans: Inhibits the production of angiotensin II (a strong vasoconstrictor) and aldosterone (holds water & Na, releases K) -So by inhibiting angiotensin II the patient has inhibited vasoconstriction (results in vasodilation) and releases water and Na and holds K Lisinopril (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors) Uses- Correct Ans: Hypertension -Heart failure Lisinopril (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Constant irritating cough -headache -GI upset -Insomnia -Hyperkalemia -Tachycardia -Hypotension/orthostatic hypotension Lisinopril (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors) Contraindications- Correct Ans: Pregnancy -Potassium-sparing diuretics such as spironolactone -Salt substitutes that contain potassium Lisinopril (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors) Interactions- Correct Ans: Potassium containing medication -Other anti-hypertensive -OTC cold medication Valsartan (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)) Action- Correct Ans: Inhibits binding of angiotensin II to its receptor -Inhibits angiotensin II (no vasoconstriction) and the release of Aldosterone (release sodium and water - hold on to potassium) Valsartan (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)) Uses- Correct Ans: Hypertension -Heart failure Valsartan (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)) Contraindications- Correct Ans: Pregnancy -Lactating Valsartan (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)) Interactions- Correct Ans: Other antihypertensive -Alcohol -aspirin can increase renal dysfunction/hyperkalemia -OTC cold medications Valsartan (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Does not cause the cough of ACE inhibitors -Dizzy, Drowsy, fatigue -Insomnia, headache -Orthostatic hypotension -Hyperkalemia -Hypoglycemia (rare) -Renal dysfunction Types of Diuretics- Correct Ans: Thiazide or Thiazide-like -Loop or High-ceiling -Osmotic -Potassium Sparing Diuretics that waste potassium- Correct Ans: Thiazide diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) -Loop diuretics (Furosemide) Diuretics that spare potassium - Correct Answer-Spironolactone (potassium sparing diuretic) Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics) Action - Correct Answer-Action is in the Kidneys -Promotes Na, K, and Water excretion -Decreases Pre-Load and Cardiac Output -Acts on Arterioles causing Vasodilation Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics) Uses- Correct Ans: Treat Hypertension -Edema from Heart Failure -Hepatic Cirrhosis Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics) Side effects/adverse reactions- Correct Ans: Dizziness, headache, weakness -GI distress -Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance -Hypotension, Orthostatic Hypotension -Hyperglycemia -Photosensitivity -Hypokalemia, Dysrhythmias Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics) Contraindications- Correct Ans: Renal Failure with Anuria -Electrolyte Depletion (Caution: Hepatic Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus) Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics) Interactions- Correct Ans: Increased Digoxin toxicity with Hypokalemia -Anti-Diabetic Drugs -Steroids Furosemide (Loop diuretics) Action - Correct Answer-Inhibits water and sodium reabsorption, potassium, magnesium, and calcium are also excreted Furosemide (Loop diuretics) Uses- Correct Ans: Treat fluid retention caused by heart failure -Renal dysfunction