nervous system (hesi) Exam Test Questions
with 100% correct answers |Verified |Rated
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components of the nervous system - ANSWER-brain, spinal cord, nerves
functions of nerve systems - ANSWER-makes movements of skeletal muscles possible by supplying them
with nerve impulses that cause contraction, also works with endocrine glands, correlating and
integrating body functions like digestion and reproduction
Neurons - ANSWER-basic structural unit of the nervous system.
Main part of neurons - ANSWER-cell body, dendrites, axons
Cell body (soma) - ANSWER-contains the nucleus and other cell organelles.
Axons - ANSWER-transmit or send the impulse away from the cell body. Typically long
Dendrites - ANSWER-transmit or receive nerve impulses toward the cell body. Typically short
unipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one process extending from its cell body
ex: sensory neurons
bipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one axon and one dendrite attached to its soma
ex: eye neurons
multipolar neuron - ANSWER-A neuron with a single axon and multiple dendrites; the most common
type of neuron in the nervous system.
, nerve fiber - ANSWER-axon of a neuron
Ganglia (ganglion) - ANSWER-cluster of neurons in PNS
neurotransmitters help - ANSWER-axons and neurons communicate by electrical and chemical wires
synapse (junction) - ANSWER-the electrical and chemical communication between the axon and
dendrite
synaptic terminal contains - ANSWER-synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitters filled with acetylcholine (ach)
serotonin - ANSWER-A neurotransmitter in CNS and hormone in PNS; affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and
mood.
How does a voluntary movement occur in the nervous system? - ANSWER-•electrical signal is sent from
the brain to a motor neuron in the spinal cord.
•motor neuron relays the signal to the muscle.
• At the muscle, electrical signal gets transformed and release to common chemical neurotransmitter
acetylcholine (Ach).
•Ach stimulates excitable muscle tissue to contract.
Neuroglia (glial cells) - ANSWER-provide support functions for the neurons ex: insulation or anchoring
neurons to blood vessels
Neuroglia in CNS - ANSWER-astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells
Astrocytes - ANSWER-maintain ion balance around neuron and control the exchange of materials
between blood vessels and neurons
astrocytes do not allow - ANSWER-metabolic wastes (ex: urea) across the BBB
with 100% correct answers |Verified |Rated
A+
components of the nervous system - ANSWER-brain, spinal cord, nerves
functions of nerve systems - ANSWER-makes movements of skeletal muscles possible by supplying them
with nerve impulses that cause contraction, also works with endocrine glands, correlating and
integrating body functions like digestion and reproduction
Neurons - ANSWER-basic structural unit of the nervous system.
Main part of neurons - ANSWER-cell body, dendrites, axons
Cell body (soma) - ANSWER-contains the nucleus and other cell organelles.
Axons - ANSWER-transmit or send the impulse away from the cell body. Typically long
Dendrites - ANSWER-transmit or receive nerve impulses toward the cell body. Typically short
unipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one process extending from its cell body
ex: sensory neurons
bipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one axon and one dendrite attached to its soma
ex: eye neurons
multipolar neuron - ANSWER-A neuron with a single axon and multiple dendrites; the most common
type of neuron in the nervous system.
, nerve fiber - ANSWER-axon of a neuron
Ganglia (ganglion) - ANSWER-cluster of neurons in PNS
neurotransmitters help - ANSWER-axons and neurons communicate by electrical and chemical wires
synapse (junction) - ANSWER-the electrical and chemical communication between the axon and
dendrite
synaptic terminal contains - ANSWER-synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitters filled with acetylcholine (ach)
serotonin - ANSWER-A neurotransmitter in CNS and hormone in PNS; affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and
mood.
How does a voluntary movement occur in the nervous system? - ANSWER-•electrical signal is sent from
the brain to a motor neuron in the spinal cord.
•motor neuron relays the signal to the muscle.
• At the muscle, electrical signal gets transformed and release to common chemical neurotransmitter
acetylcholine (Ach).
•Ach stimulates excitable muscle tissue to contract.
Neuroglia (glial cells) - ANSWER-provide support functions for the neurons ex: insulation or anchoring
neurons to blood vessels
Neuroglia in CNS - ANSWER-astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells
Astrocytes - ANSWER-maintain ion balance around neuron and control the exchange of materials
between blood vessels and neurons
astrocytes do not allow - ANSWER-metabolic wastes (ex: urea) across the BBB
