Chapter 19 Alterations Of Hormonal Regulation BIO 669
Dr. Avenido Questions And Answers With Verified
Solutions 100% Correct Latest Update 2024/2025.
endocrine dysfunction is usually caused by _____________________ or ___________________ of
hormones this leads to abnormal concentrations in the blood - ANSWER hypersecretion or
hyposecretion
Hormonal alterations can result from: - ANSWER failure of feedback systems
dysfunction of an endocrine gland (hypo/hypersecretion)
secretory cells are unable to produce, obtain or convert hormone precursors
the endocrine gland synthesizes or releases excessive amounts of hormone
failure of endocrine gland to produce adequate amounts of hormone
increased hormone degradation or inactivation
ectopic hormone release
what is ectopic hormone release? - ANSWER hormones are produced by nonendocrine tissues
what are the two types of target cell failures? - ANSWER cell surface receptor associated
disorders
intracellular disorders
cell surface receptor associated disorders typically occur in ___________________ hormones -
ANSWER water-soluble ex: insulin
cell surface receptor associated disorders are associated with: - ANSWER decrease in number
of target cell receptors
impaired receptor function
presence of antibodies against specific receptors
antibodies that mimic hormone action
unusual expression of receptor function
intracellular disorders are associated with: - ANSWER defects in postreceptor signaling
cascades
inadequate synthesis of second messanger (ex: cAMP)
the most common cause for hypothalamic dysfunction is interruption of the pituitary stalk caused by
destructive lesions, rupture after head injury, surgical transection or tumor. true or false? -
ANSWER true
, anything that decreases _____________________ can cause excess prolactin - ANSWER
dopamine
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of the
____________________________ - ANSWER posterior pituitary
SIADH is caused by a ______________________________ - ANSWER hypersecretion of ADH
for diagnosis of SIADH what must exist? - ANSWER normal adrenal function
normal thyroid function
the clinical manifestations of SIADH are related to enhanced renal _______________________,
_____________________, and ____________________________________ - ANSWER water
retention
hyponatremia
serum hypoosmolality
(symptoms usually resolve with hyponatremia correction)
what are the clinical manifestations of SIADH? - ANSWER no peripheral edema but can see
DOE, weight gain, confusion with muscle twitching and decreasing levels of sodium
the most common cause for SIADH is: - ANSWER ectopic production of ADH related to tumors
Can surgery cause SIADH? - ANSWER yes, surgery can cause increased ADH secretion lasting
for 5-7 days
with SIADH elevated ADH leads to water retention. This water retention causes dilutional
hyponatremia and patients can have issues associated with hyponatremia. What is the most
concerning clinical manifestation of hyponatremia? - ANSWER cerebral edema
diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease of the ________________________ - ANSWER posterior
pituitary
diabetes insipidus is caused by a: - ANSWER insufficiency of ADH
what are the clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus? - ANSWER polyuria (frequent
urination)
polydipsia (frequent drinking)
partial or total inability to concentrate the urine
hypernatremia
serum hyperosmolality
diabetes insipidus can be _______________ or __________________ - ANSWER neurogenic or
nephrogenic
Dr. Avenido Questions And Answers With Verified
Solutions 100% Correct Latest Update 2024/2025.
endocrine dysfunction is usually caused by _____________________ or ___________________ of
hormones this leads to abnormal concentrations in the blood - ANSWER hypersecretion or
hyposecretion
Hormonal alterations can result from: - ANSWER failure of feedback systems
dysfunction of an endocrine gland (hypo/hypersecretion)
secretory cells are unable to produce, obtain or convert hormone precursors
the endocrine gland synthesizes or releases excessive amounts of hormone
failure of endocrine gland to produce adequate amounts of hormone
increased hormone degradation or inactivation
ectopic hormone release
what is ectopic hormone release? - ANSWER hormones are produced by nonendocrine tissues
what are the two types of target cell failures? - ANSWER cell surface receptor associated
disorders
intracellular disorders
cell surface receptor associated disorders typically occur in ___________________ hormones -
ANSWER water-soluble ex: insulin
cell surface receptor associated disorders are associated with: - ANSWER decrease in number
of target cell receptors
impaired receptor function
presence of antibodies against specific receptors
antibodies that mimic hormone action
unusual expression of receptor function
intracellular disorders are associated with: - ANSWER defects in postreceptor signaling
cascades
inadequate synthesis of second messanger (ex: cAMP)
the most common cause for hypothalamic dysfunction is interruption of the pituitary stalk caused by
destructive lesions, rupture after head injury, surgical transection or tumor. true or false? -
ANSWER true
, anything that decreases _____________________ can cause excess prolactin - ANSWER
dopamine
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of the
____________________________ - ANSWER posterior pituitary
SIADH is caused by a ______________________________ - ANSWER hypersecretion of ADH
for diagnosis of SIADH what must exist? - ANSWER normal adrenal function
normal thyroid function
the clinical manifestations of SIADH are related to enhanced renal _______________________,
_____________________, and ____________________________________ - ANSWER water
retention
hyponatremia
serum hypoosmolality
(symptoms usually resolve with hyponatremia correction)
what are the clinical manifestations of SIADH? - ANSWER no peripheral edema but can see
DOE, weight gain, confusion with muscle twitching and decreasing levels of sodium
the most common cause for SIADH is: - ANSWER ectopic production of ADH related to tumors
Can surgery cause SIADH? - ANSWER yes, surgery can cause increased ADH secretion lasting
for 5-7 days
with SIADH elevated ADH leads to water retention. This water retention causes dilutional
hyponatremia and patients can have issues associated with hyponatremia. What is the most
concerning clinical manifestation of hyponatremia? - ANSWER cerebral edema
diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease of the ________________________ - ANSWER posterior
pituitary
diabetes insipidus is caused by a: - ANSWER insufficiency of ADH
what are the clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus? - ANSWER polyuria (frequent
urination)
polydipsia (frequent drinking)
partial or total inability to concentrate the urine
hypernatremia
serum hyperosmolality
diabetes insipidus can be _______________ or __________________ - ANSWER neurogenic or
nephrogenic
