Criminalistics Final Exam
locard's exchange principle - ANSthe transfer of evidence when two objects come in contact
physical evidence unit - ANSapplies chemistry, physics, and geology to IDing crime-scene
evidence
biological unit - ANSstudies blood, hair, fibers, and botanical materials
firearms unit - ANSexamines bullets, casings, and ammunition
toxicology unit - ANSexamines body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and/or poisons
CSI unit - ANSdispatches to the crime scene to collect evidence that will be sent to labs
expert witness - ANSa trained professional, who is educated in a field, that can testify in court to
determine the truth in the matter of court cases
CODIS database - ANSFBI's program of DNA index databases
AIFIS - ANSstores and analyzes fingerprint data
NIBIN - ANSsystem of known cartridge casing evidence
observation - ANS1st step of crime scene reconstruction
logical supposition - ANS2nd step of crime scene reconstruction
hypothesis testing - ANS3rd step of crime scene reconstruction
experiment - ANS4th step of crime scene reconstruction
refine the hypothesis - ANS5th step of crime scene reconstruction
imprint - ANSa mark left on an object by coming in contact with another object
indentation - ANSa 3D mark or pattern left in a malleable object through contact
striations - ANSmarkings resulted from a hard object passing along the surface of another
object
paper bags - ANSwhat kind of bags must be used to package evidence
, 90 degrees - ANSdegree of the angle of impact of a circular blood droplet
true - ANSpointed end of a blood droplet always faces the direction of travel
false - ANSas the height of the origin of blood increases, the blood droplet decreases
string method - ANSto find an area of convergence, an axis pole is placed and strings are
attached to each blood stain to determine the angle of impact
incisions, abrasions, punctures - ANSthese wounds are small and thing, are caused by low
velocity blows, and produce a blood wipe
blunt object wounds - ANSthese wounds are caused by low or medium velocity blows caused
by blunt objects
penetration wounds - ANSthese wounds are caused by low or medium velocity blows
gunshot wounds - ANStwo wounds (enter and exit wound), caused by high velocity blows and
result in high spatter
drip trail pattern - ANScaused by blood falling off an object
expirated blood pattern - ANScaused by blood being expelled from the mouth or nose from an
internal wound
flows - ANSlarge pools of blood
high velocity spatter - ANSvery small spatter, high force of impact, <1mm, gunshot wounds
medium velocity spatter - ANSmedium force of impact, 4mm drops, stabbings, blunt objects,
arterial sprays
low velocity spatter - ANSslowest force of impact, largest droplets, drips as gravity pulls it,
shows motion
skeletonization - ANSthe outside of a blood stain dries faster than the inside of the blood stain
transfer pattern - ANSwhen an object with blood on it touches an object without blood on it
void - ANScreated when an object stops the spray of blood
note - ANS1st step of documenting blood stains
locard's exchange principle - ANSthe transfer of evidence when two objects come in contact
physical evidence unit - ANSapplies chemistry, physics, and geology to IDing crime-scene
evidence
biological unit - ANSstudies blood, hair, fibers, and botanical materials
firearms unit - ANSexamines bullets, casings, and ammunition
toxicology unit - ANSexamines body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and/or poisons
CSI unit - ANSdispatches to the crime scene to collect evidence that will be sent to labs
expert witness - ANSa trained professional, who is educated in a field, that can testify in court to
determine the truth in the matter of court cases
CODIS database - ANSFBI's program of DNA index databases
AIFIS - ANSstores and analyzes fingerprint data
NIBIN - ANSsystem of known cartridge casing evidence
observation - ANS1st step of crime scene reconstruction
logical supposition - ANS2nd step of crime scene reconstruction
hypothesis testing - ANS3rd step of crime scene reconstruction
experiment - ANS4th step of crime scene reconstruction
refine the hypothesis - ANS5th step of crime scene reconstruction
imprint - ANSa mark left on an object by coming in contact with another object
indentation - ANSa 3D mark or pattern left in a malleable object through contact
striations - ANSmarkings resulted from a hard object passing along the surface of another
object
paper bags - ANSwhat kind of bags must be used to package evidence
, 90 degrees - ANSdegree of the angle of impact of a circular blood droplet
true - ANSpointed end of a blood droplet always faces the direction of travel
false - ANSas the height of the origin of blood increases, the blood droplet decreases
string method - ANSto find an area of convergence, an axis pole is placed and strings are
attached to each blood stain to determine the angle of impact
incisions, abrasions, punctures - ANSthese wounds are small and thing, are caused by low
velocity blows, and produce a blood wipe
blunt object wounds - ANSthese wounds are caused by low or medium velocity blows caused
by blunt objects
penetration wounds - ANSthese wounds are caused by low or medium velocity blows
gunshot wounds - ANStwo wounds (enter and exit wound), caused by high velocity blows and
result in high spatter
drip trail pattern - ANScaused by blood falling off an object
expirated blood pattern - ANScaused by blood being expelled from the mouth or nose from an
internal wound
flows - ANSlarge pools of blood
high velocity spatter - ANSvery small spatter, high force of impact, <1mm, gunshot wounds
medium velocity spatter - ANSmedium force of impact, 4mm drops, stabbings, blunt objects,
arterial sprays
low velocity spatter - ANSslowest force of impact, largest droplets, drips as gravity pulls it,
shows motion
skeletonization - ANSthe outside of a blood stain dries faster than the inside of the blood stain
transfer pattern - ANSwhen an object with blood on it touches an object without blood on it
void - ANScreated when an object stops the spray of blood
note - ANS1st step of documenting blood stains
