BIO 140 EXAM 2 fully solved
Latest updated 2024
Organelles - answer-- Within a cell, a structure that has a particular
function
- They carry out activities within the cell
Cytoplasm - answer-The gel like matrix inside cells but outside of cell
organelles
Extracellular - answer-Situated outside of a cell
Intracellular - answer-Situated within a cell
Cell membrane - answer-- Provides boundary between the
extracellular and the intracellular
- Regulates movement of substances into and out of cells
Transport across cell membranes - answer-- Cell membranes allow
some substances to cross them more readily than others
- Nutrients and other substances outside of cell can be transported
across cell membranes through passive and active transport
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,Passive transport - answer-A non - energy [ATP] requiring mechanism
whereby a substance moves from a region of higher concentration to
that of a lower concentration
Types of passive transport mechanisms - answer-- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion - answer-A passive transport mechanism
whereby a substance crosses a cell membrane with the assistance of
a transport protein
- Energy is required
- Substance moves from high concentration to low concentration
Electrolytes - answer-Substances such as salt that dissolve or
dissociate into ions when put in water
Solutes - answer-A substance that dissolves in a solvent
Solution - answer-A mixture of two or more substances that are
uniformly dispersed
- Example: dissolving salt in water creates saline
Active transport - answer-An energy [ATP] requiring mechanism by
which some substances cross cell membranes
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,Mitochondria - answer-Cellular organelles involved in generating
energy [ATP]
Nucleus - answer-A membrane enclosed organelle that contains the
genetic material DNA
Organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis - answer-- The
ability of organ systems to work together to carry out common
functions requires constant communication
Two well-developed communication systems that coordinate
physiological processes - answer-- the nervous systems
- the endocrine systems
The nervous systems - answer-Receives and transmits information via
electrical impulses between nerve cells
The endocrine systems - answer-Receives and transmits information
via chemical messengers, called hormones, in the blood
Hormones - answer-a regulatory substance produced in an organism
and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate
specific cells or tissues into action.
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, Homeostasis - answer-- The nervous and endocrine systems
continuously monitor our internal environment, responding to
change and restoring balance
- Allow humans and other organisms to adapt in an ever-changing
environment
Negative feedback systems - answer-Play a vital role in homeostasis
by opposing changes in the internal environment and by initiating
corrective responses that restore balance
Negative feedback systems example - answer-- Regulation of blood
glucose
- In response to a carbohydrate rich meal, blood glucose level rise
[change in the internal environment]
- The pancreas detects this change and initiates the release of the
hormone insulin
- As a result, blood glucose levels are restored
How does the digestive system break down food to its nutrient
components? - answer-- To nourish you body, your digestive system
methodically disassembles the complex molecules in food into
simpler basic nutrient components
- This task requires many organ systems, but primarily it is the
digestive system that gets the job done
What is the digestive system made up of? - answer-- the Digestive
tract
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Latest updated 2024
Organelles - answer-- Within a cell, a structure that has a particular
function
- They carry out activities within the cell
Cytoplasm - answer-The gel like matrix inside cells but outside of cell
organelles
Extracellular - answer-Situated outside of a cell
Intracellular - answer-Situated within a cell
Cell membrane - answer-- Provides boundary between the
extracellular and the intracellular
- Regulates movement of substances into and out of cells
Transport across cell membranes - answer-- Cell membranes allow
some substances to cross them more readily than others
- Nutrients and other substances outside of cell can be transported
across cell membranes through passive and active transport
Ask for various Exams or Study materials from
()
,Passive transport - answer-A non - energy [ATP] requiring mechanism
whereby a substance moves from a region of higher concentration to
that of a lower concentration
Types of passive transport mechanisms - answer-- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion - answer-A passive transport mechanism
whereby a substance crosses a cell membrane with the assistance of
a transport protein
- Energy is required
- Substance moves from high concentration to low concentration
Electrolytes - answer-Substances such as salt that dissolve or
dissociate into ions when put in water
Solutes - answer-A substance that dissolves in a solvent
Solution - answer-A mixture of two or more substances that are
uniformly dispersed
- Example: dissolving salt in water creates saline
Active transport - answer-An energy [ATP] requiring mechanism by
which some substances cross cell membranes
Ask for various Exams or Study materials from
()
,Mitochondria - answer-Cellular organelles involved in generating
energy [ATP]
Nucleus - answer-A membrane enclosed organelle that contains the
genetic material DNA
Organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis - answer-- The
ability of organ systems to work together to carry out common
functions requires constant communication
Two well-developed communication systems that coordinate
physiological processes - answer-- the nervous systems
- the endocrine systems
The nervous systems - answer-Receives and transmits information via
electrical impulses between nerve cells
The endocrine systems - answer-Receives and transmits information
via chemical messengers, called hormones, in the blood
Hormones - answer-a regulatory substance produced in an organism
and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate
specific cells or tissues into action.
Ask for various Exams or Study materials from
()
, Homeostasis - answer-- The nervous and endocrine systems
continuously monitor our internal environment, responding to
change and restoring balance
- Allow humans and other organisms to adapt in an ever-changing
environment
Negative feedback systems - answer-Play a vital role in homeostasis
by opposing changes in the internal environment and by initiating
corrective responses that restore balance
Negative feedback systems example - answer-- Regulation of blood
glucose
- In response to a carbohydrate rich meal, blood glucose level rise
[change in the internal environment]
- The pancreas detects this change and initiates the release of the
hormone insulin
- As a result, blood glucose levels are restored
How does the digestive system break down food to its nutrient
components? - answer-- To nourish you body, your digestive system
methodically disassembles the complex molecules in food into
simpler basic nutrient components
- This task requires many organ systems, but primarily it is the
digestive system that gets the job done
What is the digestive system made up of? - answer-- the Digestive
tract
Ask for various Exams or Study materials from
()
