AQA Biology Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Sperm cells - Answer It has a long tail and a streamlined head to help it swim. There are a lot of
mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed. It also carries enzymes in its head to digest
through the egg cell membrane.
spongy mesophyll - Answer the lower layer of mesophyll tissue in plant leaves that contains some
chloroplasts and many large air spaces to give a big surface area for the exchange of gases
stem cells - Answer undifferentiated cells with the potential to form a wide variety of different cell types
stent – Answer a metal mesh placed in a blocked or partially blocked artery. They are used to open up
the blood vessel by the inflation of a tiny balloon
Stomata – Answer Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide
can move
therapeutic cloning – Answer a process where an embryo is produced that is genetically identical to the
patient so the cells can then be used in medical treatments
tissue – Answer a group of specialized cells with a similar structure and function
translocation – Answer the movement of sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant through the
phloem
transpiration – Answer the loss of water vapor from the leaves of plants through the stomata when they
are opened to allow gas exchange for photosynthesis. It involves evaporation from the surface of the
cells and diffusion through the stomata
, Tumour – Answer a mass of abnormally growing cells that forms when the cells do not respond to the
normal mechanisms that control growth and when control of the cell cycle is lost
vaccine – Answer dead or inactive pathogenic material used in vaccination to develop immunity to a
disease in a healthy person
veins – Answer blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They usually carry deoxygenated
blood and have valves to prevent the backflow of blood
Veins – Answer Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
vena cava – Answer the large vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart
Muscle cells – Answer These cells are long (so that they have space to contract) and contain lots of
mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction
muscular tissue – Answer moves the stomach wall to churn up the food
mutation – Answer a change in the genetic material of an organism
non-communicable diseases – Answer are not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to
another
Nucleus – Answer Contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
organ – Answer an aggregation (collection ) of different tissues working together to carry out specific
functions
organ system – Answer a group of organs that work together to carry out specific functions and form
organisms
Graded A+
Sperm cells - Answer It has a long tail and a streamlined head to help it swim. There are a lot of
mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed. It also carries enzymes in its head to digest
through the egg cell membrane.
spongy mesophyll - Answer the lower layer of mesophyll tissue in plant leaves that contains some
chloroplasts and many large air spaces to give a big surface area for the exchange of gases
stem cells - Answer undifferentiated cells with the potential to form a wide variety of different cell types
stent – Answer a metal mesh placed in a blocked or partially blocked artery. They are used to open up
the blood vessel by the inflation of a tiny balloon
Stomata – Answer Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide
can move
therapeutic cloning – Answer a process where an embryo is produced that is genetically identical to the
patient so the cells can then be used in medical treatments
tissue – Answer a group of specialized cells with a similar structure and function
translocation – Answer the movement of sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant through the
phloem
transpiration – Answer the loss of water vapor from the leaves of plants through the stomata when they
are opened to allow gas exchange for photosynthesis. It involves evaporation from the surface of the
cells and diffusion through the stomata
, Tumour – Answer a mass of abnormally growing cells that forms when the cells do not respond to the
normal mechanisms that control growth and when control of the cell cycle is lost
vaccine – Answer dead or inactive pathogenic material used in vaccination to develop immunity to a
disease in a healthy person
veins – Answer blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They usually carry deoxygenated
blood and have valves to prevent the backflow of blood
Veins – Answer Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
vena cava – Answer the large vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart
Muscle cells – Answer These cells are long (so that they have space to contract) and contain lots of
mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction
muscular tissue – Answer moves the stomach wall to churn up the food
mutation – Answer a change in the genetic material of an organism
non-communicable diseases – Answer are not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to
another
Nucleus – Answer Contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
organ – Answer an aggregation (collection ) of different tissues working together to carry out specific
functions
organ system – Answer a group of organs that work together to carry out specific functions and form
organisms
