Exam study guide
Civic action- a form of citizenship practise consisting in initiatives aimed at implementing rights, taking care of the
common good, empowering citizens
● ways of taking action
-participating as an individual (volunteering, signing petitions)
-working together as a group (forming a group with like minded people
-building public support (holding a rally)
-working through political system (contacting politicians/ present petition)
Democratic governance
● Criteria of Democratic governance: Leaders are selected by the community, All members have a role in
decision making, The Voices of all are considered, The Common Good (doing what is best for the
community) is reflected in decisions being made, Respect for Human Rights
Governance colonialism
● Indigenous Governance: Canada controls indigenous governance through the Indian Act, many are
however resisting with their own governance systems (ex. Haudenosaunee confederacy)
● Creation of Canada- 1860s called British North America, several colonies which faced problems, exports
had gone down, struggling economy, increased trade - built railways, divided between politics, language
and religion (deadlock government), us becoming richer. Solution- uniting to form a new country, province
of canada joined meeting, called plan ‘confederation’, meet again in quebec, came up with list of
resolution, each colony had to get the approval of legislature (not always popular - not newfoundland PEI)
last meet-british north america act, created parliament (federal and provincial governments) John A.
Mcdonald became first prime minister
● Colonialism: the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country,
occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. History: strong relationship between natives
settlers but settlers took advantage of land and people. Indian act aims to limit cultural ceremonies, changed
governance structures overall limited abilities
● Band councils: (in Canada) the elected government of a First Nations band, consisting of a chief and
councilors.
Political thinking skills
These four concepts help us to make sense of issues related to civics and citizenship.
● Political significance - Why is it considered important or significant?
● Political Perspectives - What might someone’s beliefs, values, priorities and motive be, pertaining to this
issue?
● Stability and Change - What has changed and what has stayed the same?
● Objectives and Results - What objective and results are intended to be achieved?
Media literacy
● Information pollution - False and misleading information circulating the internet and resulting in people
believing it.
● Misinformation - When people share something they think is true, but isn’t
● Disinformation - When people share false or misleading information on purpose to cause harm.
Vertical reading vs. Lateral reading
Staying on the page to examine if the information is reliable or not (v)
“Leaving the page” and checking other sources (L)
To check if a source is reliable:
● Is this a credible source?
● Is the perspective biased?
● Are other sources telling the same story?
● Is it up to date?
Common good
● Doing what's best for everyone instead of just yourself.
Civic action- a form of citizenship practise consisting in initiatives aimed at implementing rights, taking care of the
common good, empowering citizens
● ways of taking action
-participating as an individual (volunteering, signing petitions)
-working together as a group (forming a group with like minded people
-building public support (holding a rally)
-working through political system (contacting politicians/ present petition)
Democratic governance
● Criteria of Democratic governance: Leaders are selected by the community, All members have a role in
decision making, The Voices of all are considered, The Common Good (doing what is best for the
community) is reflected in decisions being made, Respect for Human Rights
Governance colonialism
● Indigenous Governance: Canada controls indigenous governance through the Indian Act, many are
however resisting with their own governance systems (ex. Haudenosaunee confederacy)
● Creation of Canada- 1860s called British North America, several colonies which faced problems, exports
had gone down, struggling economy, increased trade - built railways, divided between politics, language
and religion (deadlock government), us becoming richer. Solution- uniting to form a new country, province
of canada joined meeting, called plan ‘confederation’, meet again in quebec, came up with list of
resolution, each colony had to get the approval of legislature (not always popular - not newfoundland PEI)
last meet-british north america act, created parliament (federal and provincial governments) John A.
Mcdonald became first prime minister
● Colonialism: the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country,
occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. History: strong relationship between natives
settlers but settlers took advantage of land and people. Indian act aims to limit cultural ceremonies, changed
governance structures overall limited abilities
● Band councils: (in Canada) the elected government of a First Nations band, consisting of a chief and
councilors.
Political thinking skills
These four concepts help us to make sense of issues related to civics and citizenship.
● Political significance - Why is it considered important or significant?
● Political Perspectives - What might someone’s beliefs, values, priorities and motive be, pertaining to this
issue?
● Stability and Change - What has changed and what has stayed the same?
● Objectives and Results - What objective and results are intended to be achieved?
Media literacy
● Information pollution - False and misleading information circulating the internet and resulting in people
believing it.
● Misinformation - When people share something they think is true, but isn’t
● Disinformation - When people share false or misleading information on purpose to cause harm.
Vertical reading vs. Lateral reading
Staying on the page to examine if the information is reliable or not (v)
“Leaving the page” and checking other sources (L)
To check if a source is reliable:
● Is this a credible source?
● Is the perspective biased?
● Are other sources telling the same story?
● Is it up to date?
Common good
● Doing what's best for everyone instead of just yourself.
