AP Euro: Industrial Revolution Exam /
Revised Questions and Answers / Sure A+
Bessemer Process - A process, invented in the 1850's by English engineer Henry Bessemer,
allowed steel to be produced more cheaply and in larger quantities
Bourgeoisie - a sociologically defined class, especially in contemporary times, referring to people
with a certain cultural and financial capital belonging to the middle or upper stratum of the middle class
Britain's role in the beginning of the Industrial Revolution - Britain was the leader in production
during the early Industrial Revolution. Scientific advances, such as the steam-powered factory occurred
in Britain during this time. Initially, Britain's textile industry overtook others with the invention of the
power loom. Later, Britain overtook in the iron industry as well.
Canals - Human-made channels for water which improved transportation of goods. These canals
were an economic and reliable way to transport goods and commodities in large quantities.
Changes in marriages - Married women were often subordinated to their husbands by law and
lacked many basic legal rights. The wife had no legal identity and therefore no right to own property.
Husbands became the wage earners in factories and offices, while wives tended to stay home and
manage households and care for children. This caused a creation of a strict division of labor by gender
meaning that women faced greater injustice when she wanted to work.
Class Consciousness - A sense of belonging to a "working class" that developed among European
workers during the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century. It was a result of their working
together in factories and living together in isolated slums
Crystal Palace - a cast-iron and glass structure made in London, England, to house the Great
Exhibition of 1851- showed how advanced GB was in technology and industrialization to other countries
Factory act 1833 - GB limited the factory workday for children between 9 and 13 to eight hours
and for 14-18 year olds 12 hours; meant less money for families and more restrictions on child labor
Revised Questions and Answers / Sure A+
Bessemer Process - A process, invented in the 1850's by English engineer Henry Bessemer,
allowed steel to be produced more cheaply and in larger quantities
Bourgeoisie - a sociologically defined class, especially in contemporary times, referring to people
with a certain cultural and financial capital belonging to the middle or upper stratum of the middle class
Britain's role in the beginning of the Industrial Revolution - Britain was the leader in production
during the early Industrial Revolution. Scientific advances, such as the steam-powered factory occurred
in Britain during this time. Initially, Britain's textile industry overtook others with the invention of the
power loom. Later, Britain overtook in the iron industry as well.
Canals - Human-made channels for water which improved transportation of goods. These canals
were an economic and reliable way to transport goods and commodities in large quantities.
Changes in marriages - Married women were often subordinated to their husbands by law and
lacked many basic legal rights. The wife had no legal identity and therefore no right to own property.
Husbands became the wage earners in factories and offices, while wives tended to stay home and
manage households and care for children. This caused a creation of a strict division of labor by gender
meaning that women faced greater injustice when she wanted to work.
Class Consciousness - A sense of belonging to a "working class" that developed among European
workers during the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century. It was a result of their working
together in factories and living together in isolated slums
Crystal Palace - a cast-iron and glass structure made in London, England, to house the Great
Exhibition of 1851- showed how advanced GB was in technology and industrialization to other countries
Factory act 1833 - GB limited the factory workday for children between 9 and 13 to eight hours
and for 14-18 year olds 12 hours; meant less money for families and more restrictions on child labor
