DXI ABDOMEN EXAM
What is the most likely vessel to calcify - ANSWER Abdominal Aorta
What flexure of the colon is found on the left side of the body - ANSWER Splenic
Flexure
What flexure of the colon is found on the right side of the body - ANSWER
Hepatic Flexure
What kind of pathology can mimic hepatomegaly? How is it differentiated? -
ANSWER Riedel Lobe which is tongue-shaped and not as dense as hepatomegaly
Which organ is most likely to be injured in the abdominal cavity - ANSWER
Spleen
What test is used to inspect renal flow on a radiograph - ANSWER Intravenous
pyelogram (IVP)
What test is used to inspect the intestines on a radiograph - ANSWER Barium
study
T/F Extra-luminal gas is normal - ANSWER False, intra-luminal gas is normal
What is the the maximal diameter of the large bowel - ANSWER 6cm
The small bowel should be no bigger than - ANSWER 3cm
Other than size how can large and small bowel be differentiated - ANSWER Large
bowel does not transverse all the way across, resembles a picture frame
What is the rule of 3 in the small bowel - ANSWER Lumen >3cm
Folds >3 mm apart
3 air fluid levels
What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction - ANSWER Adhesions
or hernias which are mechanical
, What is it called when the bowel is blocked due to surging of the sympathetic
nervous system (non-mechanical) - ANSWER Paralytic ileus
What is an AKA for extra-luminal gas - ANSWER Pneumoperitoneum
What kind of calcification is m/c? What is its cause - ANSWER Dystrophic
Calcification 95-98% d/t abnormal tissues not serum Ca++
Metastatic calcification is rare but d/t?
List an example of pathology that could lead to this - ANSWER High serum Ca++
not tissues. This could be from hyperparathyroidism, renal failure or milk-alkali
syndrome
What is Milk-Alkali syndrome - ANSWER triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic
alkalosis and renal insufficiency.
What is Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER Calcification of the tunica media
What can cause Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER common in advanced
age, diabetes or chronic renal disease
How does Monckeberg arteriosclerosis effect the lumen - ANSWER Leaves lumen
patent
Dystrophic calcification includes? - ANSWER stone formations, atherosclerosis,
calcified masses
What are the patterns of calcification in the abdomen - ANSWER Conduit wall
Cyst wall
Mass
Concretion
What is a conduit wall calcification?
How will it appear and where is it seen at? - ANSWER Will block a pipe or
channel (vascular flow) and appear as parallel tracts of calcium.
Commonly seen in the aorta, common iliac artery, splenic artery and vas deferens
What is the most likely vessel to calcify - ANSWER Abdominal Aorta
What flexure of the colon is found on the left side of the body - ANSWER Splenic
Flexure
What flexure of the colon is found on the right side of the body - ANSWER
Hepatic Flexure
What kind of pathology can mimic hepatomegaly? How is it differentiated? -
ANSWER Riedel Lobe which is tongue-shaped and not as dense as hepatomegaly
Which organ is most likely to be injured in the abdominal cavity - ANSWER
Spleen
What test is used to inspect renal flow on a radiograph - ANSWER Intravenous
pyelogram (IVP)
What test is used to inspect the intestines on a radiograph - ANSWER Barium
study
T/F Extra-luminal gas is normal - ANSWER False, intra-luminal gas is normal
What is the the maximal diameter of the large bowel - ANSWER 6cm
The small bowel should be no bigger than - ANSWER 3cm
Other than size how can large and small bowel be differentiated - ANSWER Large
bowel does not transverse all the way across, resembles a picture frame
What is the rule of 3 in the small bowel - ANSWER Lumen >3cm
Folds >3 mm apart
3 air fluid levels
What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction - ANSWER Adhesions
or hernias which are mechanical
, What is it called when the bowel is blocked due to surging of the sympathetic
nervous system (non-mechanical) - ANSWER Paralytic ileus
What is an AKA for extra-luminal gas - ANSWER Pneumoperitoneum
What kind of calcification is m/c? What is its cause - ANSWER Dystrophic
Calcification 95-98% d/t abnormal tissues not serum Ca++
Metastatic calcification is rare but d/t?
List an example of pathology that could lead to this - ANSWER High serum Ca++
not tissues. This could be from hyperparathyroidism, renal failure or milk-alkali
syndrome
What is Milk-Alkali syndrome - ANSWER triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic
alkalosis and renal insufficiency.
What is Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER Calcification of the tunica media
What can cause Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER common in advanced
age, diabetes or chronic renal disease
How does Monckeberg arteriosclerosis effect the lumen - ANSWER Leaves lumen
patent
Dystrophic calcification includes? - ANSWER stone formations, atherosclerosis,
calcified masses
What are the patterns of calcification in the abdomen - ANSWER Conduit wall
Cyst wall
Mass
Concretion
What is a conduit wall calcification?
How will it appear and where is it seen at? - ANSWER Will block a pipe or
channel (vascular flow) and appear as parallel tracts of calcium.
Commonly seen in the aorta, common iliac artery, splenic artery and vas deferens
