human Anatomy Cardiovascular System
exam review
Cardiovascular System - 1. Heart pumps blood.
2. Arteries transport blood away from heart.
3. Veins transport blood toward heart.
Pulmonary Circuit - Arteries always transport blood away from heart. Pulmonary
arteries transport de-oxygenated blood. Veins always transport blood towards the
heart. Pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood.
Systemic Circuit - Systemic veins transport De-oxygenated blood, and Systemic
arteries transport oxygenated blood.
Heart Basics - • Pumps ~ 2000 gallons/day thru 60,000 miles of blood vessels, ~
fist sized, Located left of midline & atop diaphragm, Slightly tilted, 4 distinct
chambers , One-way valves.
Location of the heart in the thorax - Heart is contained in pericardium.
The layers of the pericardium and of the heart wall - Fibrous pericardium, Serous
pericardium -with three layers parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, and
pericardial cavity, Myocardium, and Endocardium.
, human Anatomy Cardiovascular System
exam review
Parietal pericardium - Inner layer of sac, secretes serous fluid.
Visceral pericardium - outer layer of heart =epicardium, secretes serous fluid
Pericardial cavity - space between parietal & visceral; filled with serous fluid and
functions are lubrication.
Fibrous pericardium - Tough outer layer, anchors heart prevents overfilling; made
of dense irregular CT.
Myocardium - Cardiac muscle tissue
Endocardium - Simple squamous epithelium.
Superior & Inferior vena cava - large veins, return deoxygenated blood from body
to the heart.
exam review
Cardiovascular System - 1. Heart pumps blood.
2. Arteries transport blood away from heart.
3. Veins transport blood toward heart.
Pulmonary Circuit - Arteries always transport blood away from heart. Pulmonary
arteries transport de-oxygenated blood. Veins always transport blood towards the
heart. Pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood.
Systemic Circuit - Systemic veins transport De-oxygenated blood, and Systemic
arteries transport oxygenated blood.
Heart Basics - • Pumps ~ 2000 gallons/day thru 60,000 miles of blood vessels, ~
fist sized, Located left of midline & atop diaphragm, Slightly tilted, 4 distinct
chambers , One-way valves.
Location of the heart in the thorax - Heart is contained in pericardium.
The layers of the pericardium and of the heart wall - Fibrous pericardium, Serous
pericardium -with three layers parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, and
pericardial cavity, Myocardium, and Endocardium.
, human Anatomy Cardiovascular System
exam review
Parietal pericardium - Inner layer of sac, secretes serous fluid.
Visceral pericardium - outer layer of heart =epicardium, secretes serous fluid
Pericardial cavity - space between parietal & visceral; filled with serous fluid and
functions are lubrication.
Fibrous pericardium - Tough outer layer, anchors heart prevents overfilling; made
of dense irregular CT.
Myocardium - Cardiac muscle tissue
Endocardium - Simple squamous epithelium.
Superior & Inferior vena cava - large veins, return deoxygenated blood from body
to the heart.
