HIUS 221 - Test 2 || with 100% Accurate Solutions.
Constitutional Convention correct answers -55 delegates from all of the states met in
Philadelphia for the convention.
-George Washington was elected president of the convention.
-The proceedings were very contentious due to the many factions within the convention.
Virginia Plan correct answers -James Madison and Edmund Randolph
-proposed:
*Three equal executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
*A "National Executive" elected by Congress.
*Federal judges with lifetime terms, appointed by Congress.
*A two-house legislature with representation apportioned by state population.
~The lower house would be elected by the voters in each state.
~The lower house would then elect the upper house.
*A "Council of Revision," consisting of the president and federal judges, would have veto power
over state laws.
New Jersey Plan correct answers -Delegates from the smaller states were wary of the Virginia
Plan due to potential dominance by the larger states.
-New Jersey delegate William Paterson introduced a counter-proposal designed to protect the
power of the small states.
*Equal representation in a two-house Congress for all states regardless of population.
*Congress would have the power to tax with the consent of states.
*Congress would elect a President, who could not be re-elected.
*A "Supreme Tribunal" would be appointed by the President.
Conneticut Compromise correct answers -Roger Sherman of Connecticut
-The "Connecticut Compromise" retained the bicameral Congress envisioned by Madison.
*The upper house (the Senate) would provide equal representation for the states (two Senators
per state).
~The state legislatures would elect Senators.
*The lower (the House of Representatives) would apportion representation by state population.
~The members of the House would be directly elected.
Checks and balances correct answers -The convention divided the powers of the federal
government among three branches.
*The Executive - The President and Vice-President
*The Legislative - Congress
*The Judiciary - The Supreme Court and lower Federal courts
-They designed this arrangement to prevent one individual or department within the government
from obtaining too much power.
Three-Fifths compromise correct answers -Slave states wanted their slaves counted within their
populations for purposes of congressional representation.
, -Northern states found this unacceptable because the slave states would be able to dominate
Congress.
-Pennsylvania's James Wilson proposed that all unfree labor should count as 3/5 of a person for
apportionment purposes.
Anti-Federalists correct answers -opposed the new constitution
-They were mostly older revolutionaries such as Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams.
-Two primary objections:
*The Executive branch was too powerful.
*There was no Bill of Rights to guarantee specific liberties.
Federalists Paper correct answers -Series of 85 pamphlets arguing for the ratification of the
United States Constitution.
-Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay were the authors.
-Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 are generally regarded as the most influential of the 85
pamphlets;
*No. 10 explains how political factions can act as a facilitator of public debate over legislation.
*No. 51 explains the need for the separation of powers.
Bill of Rights correct answers In response to Anti-Federalist critics, Madison and the convention
agreed to a Bill of Rights.
10th amendment correct answers -The primary purpose of the Bill of Rights was to place
limitations on the Federal government and guarantee the rights of individuals.
-The Bill of Rights would be the Anti-Federalists' legacy in the debate over the Constitution.
Washington as President correct answers First Term
-elected unanimously by electoral college
-Washington was aware he was setting important precedents.
-He saw the President's main purpose as upholding and enforcing laws passed by Congress.
-created the cabinet
Second Term
-easily re-elected in 1792.
-the Hamilton-Jefferson feud spun out of control.
-Washington increasingly relied on Hamilton's advice, often overruling Jefferson and Madison.
-Issues concerning the military and foreign policy took on increasing importance
-Washington issued a "Proclamation of Neutrality."
*Britain v. France
Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury correct answers -took on the task of sorting out
the financial situation.
"strict constructionism" correct answers -Interpreting the Constitution according to the letter of
the document.
*This view was advocated by Thomas Jefferson
Constitutional Convention correct answers -55 delegates from all of the states met in
Philadelphia for the convention.
-George Washington was elected president of the convention.
-The proceedings were very contentious due to the many factions within the convention.
Virginia Plan correct answers -James Madison and Edmund Randolph
-proposed:
*Three equal executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
*A "National Executive" elected by Congress.
*Federal judges with lifetime terms, appointed by Congress.
*A two-house legislature with representation apportioned by state population.
~The lower house would be elected by the voters in each state.
~The lower house would then elect the upper house.
*A "Council of Revision," consisting of the president and federal judges, would have veto power
over state laws.
New Jersey Plan correct answers -Delegates from the smaller states were wary of the Virginia
Plan due to potential dominance by the larger states.
-New Jersey delegate William Paterson introduced a counter-proposal designed to protect the
power of the small states.
*Equal representation in a two-house Congress for all states regardless of population.
*Congress would have the power to tax with the consent of states.
*Congress would elect a President, who could not be re-elected.
*A "Supreme Tribunal" would be appointed by the President.
Conneticut Compromise correct answers -Roger Sherman of Connecticut
-The "Connecticut Compromise" retained the bicameral Congress envisioned by Madison.
*The upper house (the Senate) would provide equal representation for the states (two Senators
per state).
~The state legislatures would elect Senators.
*The lower (the House of Representatives) would apportion representation by state population.
~The members of the House would be directly elected.
Checks and balances correct answers -The convention divided the powers of the federal
government among three branches.
*The Executive - The President and Vice-President
*The Legislative - Congress
*The Judiciary - The Supreme Court and lower Federal courts
-They designed this arrangement to prevent one individual or department within the government
from obtaining too much power.
Three-Fifths compromise correct answers -Slave states wanted their slaves counted within their
populations for purposes of congressional representation.
, -Northern states found this unacceptable because the slave states would be able to dominate
Congress.
-Pennsylvania's James Wilson proposed that all unfree labor should count as 3/5 of a person for
apportionment purposes.
Anti-Federalists correct answers -opposed the new constitution
-They were mostly older revolutionaries such as Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams.
-Two primary objections:
*The Executive branch was too powerful.
*There was no Bill of Rights to guarantee specific liberties.
Federalists Paper correct answers -Series of 85 pamphlets arguing for the ratification of the
United States Constitution.
-Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay were the authors.
-Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 are generally regarded as the most influential of the 85
pamphlets;
*No. 10 explains how political factions can act as a facilitator of public debate over legislation.
*No. 51 explains the need for the separation of powers.
Bill of Rights correct answers In response to Anti-Federalist critics, Madison and the convention
agreed to a Bill of Rights.
10th amendment correct answers -The primary purpose of the Bill of Rights was to place
limitations on the Federal government and guarantee the rights of individuals.
-The Bill of Rights would be the Anti-Federalists' legacy in the debate over the Constitution.
Washington as President correct answers First Term
-elected unanimously by electoral college
-Washington was aware he was setting important precedents.
-He saw the President's main purpose as upholding and enforcing laws passed by Congress.
-created the cabinet
Second Term
-easily re-elected in 1792.
-the Hamilton-Jefferson feud spun out of control.
-Washington increasingly relied on Hamilton's advice, often overruling Jefferson and Madison.
-Issues concerning the military and foreign policy took on increasing importance
-Washington issued a "Proclamation of Neutrality."
*Britain v. France
Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury correct answers -took on the task of sorting out
the financial situation.
"strict constructionism" correct answers -Interpreting the Constitution according to the letter of
the document.
*This view was advocated by Thomas Jefferson
