Endocrine Pathophysiology Questions And Answers Elaborations!!

ENDOCRINE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ELABORATIONS!!
what are the functions of the endocrine system?
Answers:- helps in fetus development - repro and CNS
- stims growth and development during childhood and adolescence
- coordinating the male and female repro system
- maintenance of homeostasis throughout life
- helps body meet any emergencies by regulating hormone levels
define hormones


Answers:hormones are specialized chem messengers transported via blood to
target end organ
do hormones have long lasting or short term effects? compared to
neurotransmitters


Answers:long lasting
T/F hormones only have generalized effects


Answers:F, they have local and generalized effects
how is the endocrine system regulated?


Answers:via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis
a pituitary tumor would cause what symptoms?


Answers:this tumor could compress the optic chiasm and therefore compress the
optic nerve causing bitemporal hemianopia

,the hypothalamus is connected to ___ and controls ___ and ____.


Answers:posterior pituitary


anterior and posterior pituitary glands
what type of control does the hypothalmus exert on the posterior pituitary? what
does this cause?


Answers:neural


causes the secretion of ADH and oxytocin
the hypothalamus also stims the pituitary gland to release stimulating hormones.
what do these do?


Answers:stimulates different glands (thyroid, adrenal cortex, etc)
who would be the "director" and who would be the "CEO"? (between pituitary and
hypothalmus)


Answers:director - pituitary gland


CEO - hypothalamus
T/F the endocrine system is regulated by a positive feedback system


Answers:F, its regulated by a negative feedback system
what are the 2 types of negative feedback that regulate the endo system?

,Answers:simple and complex
is this an example of simple or complex feedback?


"high calcium in the blood stimulates release of calcitonin, or high blood sugar
levels stimulate release of insulin"


Answers:simple feedback
is this an example of simple or complex feedback?


"naturally your stress hormones would be higher i.e. cortisol. During a stressful
situation, the hypothalamus directs the pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) which in turn stimulates the adrenal gland to secrete cortisol."


Answers:complex
complex feedback occurs through...


Answers:the hypothalamic-pituitary target organ axis
simple feedback occurs when...


Answers:the level of one substance regulates the secretion of a hormone
how does endocrine pathology develop?


Answers:develops as a result of dysfunction of releasing tropic or effector
hormones or when detects occur in the target tissue
what system does the neuroendocrine system affect? and how is it regulated?


Answers:the immune system

, the chemical mediators produced by immune system regulate the neuroendo
system
how do we respond to stress?


Answers:increasing secretion of catecholamines (adrenaline) and cortisol
what effect does catecholamines have on the body?


Answers:- increase cardiac output
- dilate bronchioles, causes
- vasoconstriction
- increase glucose and free lipid levels in blood
what effect does cortisol have on the body?


Answers:it works in sync w catecholamines and also helps in protein metabolism
(causing breakdown in amino acids) and have anti-inflammatory effects and it also
increases blood sugar by releasing stored glucose
carpal tunnel syndrome is commonly seen in which endocrine and metabolic
conditions?


Answers:acromegaly, diabetes, pregnancy, hypothyroidism
what differentiates CTS that has a endocrine origin vs overuse origin?


Answers:bilateral CTS in endocrine disorders
what causes CTS in pts w diabetes?