NURS 505 Taylor Ch 40 Oxygenation and
Perfusion Review Questions and Correct
Answers
Adventitious ✅abnormal breath sound heard over the lungs
Alveoli ✅small air sacs at the end of the terminal bronchioles that are the site of gas
exchange
Angina ✅a temporary imbalance between the amount of oxygen needed by the heart
and the amount delivered to the heart muscles
Arterial blood gas (ABG) ✅a diagnostic test examining arterial blood; used to
determine the pressure exerted by oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
Atelectasis ✅incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs
Atria ✅upper chambers of the heart
Atrioventricular (AV) node ✅a node of specialized heart muscle located in the septal
wall of the right atrium; receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to
the atrioventricular bundle
Atrioventricular bundle ✅a bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac
impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles, causing them to contract
Bradypnea ✅slow rate of breathing
Bronchial ✅those heard over the larynx and trachea are high-pitched, harsh "blowing"
sounds, with sound on expiration being longer than inspiration
Bronchodilators ✅medication that relaxes contractions of smooth muscles of the
bronchioles
Bronchovesicular ✅normal breath sounds heard over the mainstem bronchus; they are
moderate blowing sounds, with inspiration equal to expiration
Capnography ✅a method to monitor ventilation and, indirectly, blood flow through the
lungs
Cardiopulmonary ✅relating to the heart and the lungs
,Cardiovascular ✅relating to the heart and blood vessels
Cilia ✅microscopic, hair-like projections that propel mucus toward the upper airway so
that it can be expectorated
Circulation ✅moving the distal part of the limb to trace a complete circle while the
proximal end remains fixed
Crackles ✅fine, crackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in the
lungs
Diffusion ✅tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established
Dyspnea ✅difficult or labored breathing
Dysrhythmia ✅an abnormal cardiac rhythm
Electrocardiogram (ECG) ✅graphic record produced by the electrocardiograph
Endotracheal tube ✅polyvinyl-chloride airway that is inserted through the nose or the
mouth into the trachea, using a laryngoscope as a guide
Expiration ✅act of breathing out; synonym for exhalation
Hyperventilation ✅condition in which there is more than the normal amount of air
entering and leaving the lungs
Hypoventilation ✅decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
Hypoxemia ✅deficient oxygenation of blood
Hypoxia ✅inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells
Inspiration ✅comprehensive nursing assessment resulting in baseline data that enable
the nurse to make a judgment about a pt's health status, ability to manage one's own
health care, and need for nursing, and to plan individualized, holistic health care for a pt
Internal respiration ✅exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the circulating
blood and tissue cells
Ischemia ✅deficiency of blood in a particular area
, Myocardial infarction ✅one type of acute coronary syndrome characterized by the
death of heart tissue due to lack of oxygen; also known as a heart attack
Oxygenation ✅the process of providing cells life-sustaining oxygen
Perfusion ✅process by which oxygenated blood passes through body tissues
Pulmonary ventilation ✅movement of air into and out of the lungs
Pulse oximetry ✅noninvasive technique that measures the oxygen saturation (sao2) of
arterial blood
Respiration ✅gas exchange between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in
the capillaries
Sinoatrial (SA) node ✅a mass of tissue in the upper right atrium, just below the
opening of the superior vena cava, that initiates the transmission of electrical impulses,
causing contraction of the heart at regular intervals; also known as pacemaker
Spirometer ✅instrument used to measure lung capacities and volumes; one type is
used to encourage deep breathing (incentive spirometry)
Sputum ✅respiratory secretion expelled by coughing or clearing the throat
Subcutaneous emphysema ✅underlying layer that anchors the skin layers to the
underlying tissues of the body
Surfactant ✅detergent-like phospholipid that reduces surface tension of the fluid lining
the alveoli
Tachypnea ✅rapid rate of breathing
Tracheostomy ✅artificial opening made in the trachea through which a tracheostomy
tube is inserted
Tracheostomy tube ✅curved tube inserted into an artificial opening made in the
trachea that comes with varied angles and in multiple sizes
Ventricles ✅lower chambers of the heart
Vesicular ✅normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation over peripheral lung
areas
Perfusion Review Questions and Correct
Answers
Adventitious ✅abnormal breath sound heard over the lungs
Alveoli ✅small air sacs at the end of the terminal bronchioles that are the site of gas
exchange
Angina ✅a temporary imbalance between the amount of oxygen needed by the heart
and the amount delivered to the heart muscles
Arterial blood gas (ABG) ✅a diagnostic test examining arterial blood; used to
determine the pressure exerted by oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
Atelectasis ✅incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs
Atria ✅upper chambers of the heart
Atrioventricular (AV) node ✅a node of specialized heart muscle located in the septal
wall of the right atrium; receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to
the atrioventricular bundle
Atrioventricular bundle ✅a bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac
impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles, causing them to contract
Bradypnea ✅slow rate of breathing
Bronchial ✅those heard over the larynx and trachea are high-pitched, harsh "blowing"
sounds, with sound on expiration being longer than inspiration
Bronchodilators ✅medication that relaxes contractions of smooth muscles of the
bronchioles
Bronchovesicular ✅normal breath sounds heard over the mainstem bronchus; they are
moderate blowing sounds, with inspiration equal to expiration
Capnography ✅a method to monitor ventilation and, indirectly, blood flow through the
lungs
Cardiopulmonary ✅relating to the heart and the lungs
,Cardiovascular ✅relating to the heart and blood vessels
Cilia ✅microscopic, hair-like projections that propel mucus toward the upper airway so
that it can be expectorated
Circulation ✅moving the distal part of the limb to trace a complete circle while the
proximal end remains fixed
Crackles ✅fine, crackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in the
lungs
Diffusion ✅tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established
Dyspnea ✅difficult or labored breathing
Dysrhythmia ✅an abnormal cardiac rhythm
Electrocardiogram (ECG) ✅graphic record produced by the electrocardiograph
Endotracheal tube ✅polyvinyl-chloride airway that is inserted through the nose or the
mouth into the trachea, using a laryngoscope as a guide
Expiration ✅act of breathing out; synonym for exhalation
Hyperventilation ✅condition in which there is more than the normal amount of air
entering and leaving the lungs
Hypoventilation ✅decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
Hypoxemia ✅deficient oxygenation of blood
Hypoxia ✅inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells
Inspiration ✅comprehensive nursing assessment resulting in baseline data that enable
the nurse to make a judgment about a pt's health status, ability to manage one's own
health care, and need for nursing, and to plan individualized, holistic health care for a pt
Internal respiration ✅exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the circulating
blood and tissue cells
Ischemia ✅deficiency of blood in a particular area
, Myocardial infarction ✅one type of acute coronary syndrome characterized by the
death of heart tissue due to lack of oxygen; also known as a heart attack
Oxygenation ✅the process of providing cells life-sustaining oxygen
Perfusion ✅process by which oxygenated blood passes through body tissues
Pulmonary ventilation ✅movement of air into and out of the lungs
Pulse oximetry ✅noninvasive technique that measures the oxygen saturation (sao2) of
arterial blood
Respiration ✅gas exchange between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in
the capillaries
Sinoatrial (SA) node ✅a mass of tissue in the upper right atrium, just below the
opening of the superior vena cava, that initiates the transmission of electrical impulses,
causing contraction of the heart at regular intervals; also known as pacemaker
Spirometer ✅instrument used to measure lung capacities and volumes; one type is
used to encourage deep breathing (incentive spirometry)
Sputum ✅respiratory secretion expelled by coughing or clearing the throat
Subcutaneous emphysema ✅underlying layer that anchors the skin layers to the
underlying tissues of the body
Surfactant ✅detergent-like phospholipid that reduces surface tension of the fluid lining
the alveoli
Tachypnea ✅rapid rate of breathing
Tracheostomy ✅artificial opening made in the trachea through which a tracheostomy
tube is inserted
Tracheostomy tube ✅curved tube inserted into an artificial opening made in the
trachea that comes with varied angles and in multiple sizes
Ventricles ✅lower chambers of the heart
Vesicular ✅normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation over peripheral lung
areas
