CDT Exam 2 2024 Questions Graded A+
What is Dual Nature of design? - ANSWERSAesthetic and Technical Design
Hard Costs - ANSWERSTangible components of completed projects
EX: Site related costs, construction, furniture/furnishings, equipment
*Included in the PROJECT BUDGET
Soft Costs - ANSWERSNon-Tangible components of completed projects.
EX: Due Diligence, Project Design Fees, Commissioning, Jurisdictional Fees, Relocation, Terminating
Leases and Rental Agreements
*Included in the project budget
Value Analysis - ANSWERSThe process of evaluating a design to identify potential alternative methods,
systems, or materials that will benefit the project by enhancing the life cycle.
*Value: The decision making process is improved by analysis
Value Analysis Methodology - ANSWERSValue Analysis is conducted in a workshop format and can be
held anytime during Design and Construction Process
*The Workshop Steps: Information Phase, Speculation (creative) Phase, Evaluation (analysis) Phase,
Development Phase, Presentation Phase
Schematic Design - ANSWERSA/E Reviews and Evaluates the wonders program and budget requirements
and offers alternative approaches to the design of the project. *A/E prepares schematic design
documents for owners approval, Including: Preliminary Sketches, Small scale schematic plans,
evaluations, sections, diagrams, renderings, and other GRAPHIC AND WRITTEN Documents that illustrate
the general extent, scale, and relationship among project components
Types of drawings prepared during the schematic design phase - ANSWERS* site plan
* floor plans
,* perspective and renderings
* elevations
* building sections
* digital modeling
Preliminary Project Description (PPD) - ANSWERSDescribes the scope and relationships of major
elements organized in terms of building systems and components
Includes information suitable for preliminary cost estimates, time schedules, and initial value
May include both performance criteria and some major product identification DEPENDING ON progress
of the design and decision making process
PPD Serves To: - ANSWERSState the A/E's understanding of the method of construction delivery (Bid,
negotiated, CMaR, D-B, O-B, etc. intended by owner, and conditions of the contract proposed to support
the delivery method
Inform owner of proposed design elements, components, and systems to be used.
Describe systems meeting the design and budget constraints
Document the basis for time schedules and estimates of probable construction costs.
Which CSI Classification Standard is used to Organize a PPD? - ANSWERSUniformat
Cost Estimating Technique MOST APPROPRIATE during Schematic Design Phase? - ANSWERSUnit of
Measure (a "somewhat" more accurate method of predicting constructed costs than the order of
Magnitude Cost Estimate Method)
Unit of Measure - ANSWERS"Somewhat" more accurate than order of magnitude
Construction MUST BE DEFINED AND APPROXIMATE total Facility size MUST BE KNOWN
Unit costs per SQ. FT/FT3 are established for Gross Area/Volume and Net Area/Volume
- Gross Area/Volume determined for ENTIRE facility
- Net Area/Volume is the Area/Volume decided for the Facility's INTENDED PRIMARY USE
SQ.FT. Or Volume method gets a more accurate project cost, usually 15 to 20%
,Order of Magnitude - ANSWERSThe quickest estimate to complete and the LEAST ACCURATE
provides a "Ballpark" estimate for project cost
-Accuracy is 20-25%
uses PER UNIT occupancy costs
EX: A cost per bed price for a nursing home, Hospital, or a hotel
OR
Cost per seat prices for a Theater or a Restaurant
Assemblies/Systems - ANSWERSRequires more detailed information about the project construction
Cost per unit of assembled construction is used to form the cost estimate
Uniformat can be used as a cost guide format
Cost per unit for windows, doors, Bath Fixtures etc.
Cost for each assembly, item, or group are totaled to get total cost estimate
Unit Price - ANSWERSUses a complete, detailed list of project materials, components, and other cost
items for the entire project
MOST ACCURATE TYPE OF COST ESTIMATE
-Accurate to 3-5%
Requires significant amount of time and effort
UTILIZES THE COMPLETED Construction Documents
Design Development - ANSWERSComes AFTER owners approval of schematic design and any program or
budget adjustments
EMPHASIS shifts from overall relationships and functions to MORE TECHNICAL ISSUES OF
CONSTRUCTIBILITY AND INTEGRATION OF SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS
Aesthetic concerns move from massing arrangements to MATERIALS, SURFACES, and DETAILS
Types of Drawings Prepared for The Design Development Phase - ANSWERSSite Plan
Floor Plans
, Elevations
Building Sections
Perspective and Renderings
Digital Modeling
Structural Plans
Fire Protection Plans
Landscape Plans
Mechanical Plans
Grading and Drainage Plans
Outline Specifications - ANSWERSHelp Owner become familiar with and understand building ELEMENTS,
PRODUCTS, and STANDARDS
Serve a variety of purposes for LENDERS, ESTIMATORS, CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS, and CODE
OFFICIALS
**They are a RECORD OF DECISIONS about specific materials, equipment, systems, methods,
manufactures, and special fabrication requirements **
Information Provided in OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS - ANSWERSInfo. about Manufacturers, Materials,
Manufactured units, Equipment, Components, and Accessories
Reference Standards involving products and installation
Special Submittal Requirements
Special Qualifications
Description of any Extended or Special Warranty Requirements
Describe Material Mixes, Fabrications, and Finishes
- Installation, Erection, and Application Procedures (if info is UNIQUE to protect)
Which CSI Classification Standard is used to ORGANIZE Outline Specifications? - ANSWERSMaster Format
(4) Cost Estimating Techniques During Design Stage - ANSWERSOrder of Magnitude
Unit of Measure
What is Dual Nature of design? - ANSWERSAesthetic and Technical Design
Hard Costs - ANSWERSTangible components of completed projects
EX: Site related costs, construction, furniture/furnishings, equipment
*Included in the PROJECT BUDGET
Soft Costs - ANSWERSNon-Tangible components of completed projects.
EX: Due Diligence, Project Design Fees, Commissioning, Jurisdictional Fees, Relocation, Terminating
Leases and Rental Agreements
*Included in the project budget
Value Analysis - ANSWERSThe process of evaluating a design to identify potential alternative methods,
systems, or materials that will benefit the project by enhancing the life cycle.
*Value: The decision making process is improved by analysis
Value Analysis Methodology - ANSWERSValue Analysis is conducted in a workshop format and can be
held anytime during Design and Construction Process
*The Workshop Steps: Information Phase, Speculation (creative) Phase, Evaluation (analysis) Phase,
Development Phase, Presentation Phase
Schematic Design - ANSWERSA/E Reviews and Evaluates the wonders program and budget requirements
and offers alternative approaches to the design of the project. *A/E prepares schematic design
documents for owners approval, Including: Preliminary Sketches, Small scale schematic plans,
evaluations, sections, diagrams, renderings, and other GRAPHIC AND WRITTEN Documents that illustrate
the general extent, scale, and relationship among project components
Types of drawings prepared during the schematic design phase - ANSWERS* site plan
* floor plans
,* perspective and renderings
* elevations
* building sections
* digital modeling
Preliminary Project Description (PPD) - ANSWERSDescribes the scope and relationships of major
elements organized in terms of building systems and components
Includes information suitable for preliminary cost estimates, time schedules, and initial value
May include both performance criteria and some major product identification DEPENDING ON progress
of the design and decision making process
PPD Serves To: - ANSWERSState the A/E's understanding of the method of construction delivery (Bid,
negotiated, CMaR, D-B, O-B, etc. intended by owner, and conditions of the contract proposed to support
the delivery method
Inform owner of proposed design elements, components, and systems to be used.
Describe systems meeting the design and budget constraints
Document the basis for time schedules and estimates of probable construction costs.
Which CSI Classification Standard is used to Organize a PPD? - ANSWERSUniformat
Cost Estimating Technique MOST APPROPRIATE during Schematic Design Phase? - ANSWERSUnit of
Measure (a "somewhat" more accurate method of predicting constructed costs than the order of
Magnitude Cost Estimate Method)
Unit of Measure - ANSWERS"Somewhat" more accurate than order of magnitude
Construction MUST BE DEFINED AND APPROXIMATE total Facility size MUST BE KNOWN
Unit costs per SQ. FT/FT3 are established for Gross Area/Volume and Net Area/Volume
- Gross Area/Volume determined for ENTIRE facility
- Net Area/Volume is the Area/Volume decided for the Facility's INTENDED PRIMARY USE
SQ.FT. Or Volume method gets a more accurate project cost, usually 15 to 20%
,Order of Magnitude - ANSWERSThe quickest estimate to complete and the LEAST ACCURATE
provides a "Ballpark" estimate for project cost
-Accuracy is 20-25%
uses PER UNIT occupancy costs
EX: A cost per bed price for a nursing home, Hospital, or a hotel
OR
Cost per seat prices for a Theater or a Restaurant
Assemblies/Systems - ANSWERSRequires more detailed information about the project construction
Cost per unit of assembled construction is used to form the cost estimate
Uniformat can be used as a cost guide format
Cost per unit for windows, doors, Bath Fixtures etc.
Cost for each assembly, item, or group are totaled to get total cost estimate
Unit Price - ANSWERSUses a complete, detailed list of project materials, components, and other cost
items for the entire project
MOST ACCURATE TYPE OF COST ESTIMATE
-Accurate to 3-5%
Requires significant amount of time and effort
UTILIZES THE COMPLETED Construction Documents
Design Development - ANSWERSComes AFTER owners approval of schematic design and any program or
budget adjustments
EMPHASIS shifts from overall relationships and functions to MORE TECHNICAL ISSUES OF
CONSTRUCTIBILITY AND INTEGRATION OF SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS
Aesthetic concerns move from massing arrangements to MATERIALS, SURFACES, and DETAILS
Types of Drawings Prepared for The Design Development Phase - ANSWERSSite Plan
Floor Plans
, Elevations
Building Sections
Perspective and Renderings
Digital Modeling
Structural Plans
Fire Protection Plans
Landscape Plans
Mechanical Plans
Grading and Drainage Plans
Outline Specifications - ANSWERSHelp Owner become familiar with and understand building ELEMENTS,
PRODUCTS, and STANDARDS
Serve a variety of purposes for LENDERS, ESTIMATORS, CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS, and CODE
OFFICIALS
**They are a RECORD OF DECISIONS about specific materials, equipment, systems, methods,
manufactures, and special fabrication requirements **
Information Provided in OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS - ANSWERSInfo. about Manufacturers, Materials,
Manufactured units, Equipment, Components, and Accessories
Reference Standards involving products and installation
Special Submittal Requirements
Special Qualifications
Description of any Extended or Special Warranty Requirements
Describe Material Mixes, Fabrications, and Finishes
- Installation, Erection, and Application Procedures (if info is UNIQUE to protect)
Which CSI Classification Standard is used to ORGANIZE Outline Specifications? - ANSWERSMaster Format
(4) Cost Estimating Techniques During Design Stage - ANSWERSOrder of Magnitude
Unit of Measure
