NPB 101 MIDTERM 3 PT1QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY
GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
What do cells use to talk to each other?
Answers :Hormones and neurohormones
How do hormones reach a specific target?
Answers :They will only bind to a specific receptor
What is a hormone?
Answers :Extracellular signaling molecule released into blood that acts on
receptors in distant tissues to elicit response
What 2 thing can hormones be secreted by?
Answers :Dedicated endocrine glands
Organs with other primary functions
What are examples of dedicated endocrine glands?
Answers :Endocrine pancreas
Pituitary
Adrenal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Ovaries
Testes
What are example of organs with other primary functions that also release
hormones?
,Answers :White adipose tissue
Stomach
Intestines
Kidney
Liver
Brain
What does the endocrine system work together with to regulate our systemic
physiology?
Answers :It works with the nervous system
Describe the characteristics of the nervous system
Answers :Specific structural arrangement
NT into synaptic cleft
short distance
dependent on anatomic relationship between neurons and their target cells
fast, brief action
coordinates rapid/precise responses
Describe the characteristics of the endocrine system
Answers :"wireless system" aka widely dispersed
hormones into blood
long distance
dependent on specificity of target cell
slow
, long
controls activities that are long rather than fast
How do the endocrine and nervous system interact?
Answers :1. Neurons secrete hormones
2. Secretion of hormones can be controlled by the nervous system
3. Hormones can bind to receptors on neurons to alter signaling
4. hormones affect birth+death of neurons, synapse formation, dendritic branching,
myelination of neurons, glial cell number/function
5. SOME chemical messengers can act as NT or hormones
What are glial cells?
Answers :Critical for memory of learning (possibly linked to alzheimer's and/or
parkinsons)
What are the two groups of hormones and how are they sorted?
Answers :Sorted by solubility properties
Hydrophilic hormones
Lipophilic hormones
What are the types of hydrophilic hormones?
Answers :1. Amino acid derivatives=the amines
2. Peptide hormones
What is an example of an amine hydrophilic hormone?
Answers :Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine (comes from tyrosine)
GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
What do cells use to talk to each other?
Answers :Hormones and neurohormones
How do hormones reach a specific target?
Answers :They will only bind to a specific receptor
What is a hormone?
Answers :Extracellular signaling molecule released into blood that acts on
receptors in distant tissues to elicit response
What 2 thing can hormones be secreted by?
Answers :Dedicated endocrine glands
Organs with other primary functions
What are examples of dedicated endocrine glands?
Answers :Endocrine pancreas
Pituitary
Adrenal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Ovaries
Testes
What are example of organs with other primary functions that also release
hormones?
,Answers :White adipose tissue
Stomach
Intestines
Kidney
Liver
Brain
What does the endocrine system work together with to regulate our systemic
physiology?
Answers :It works with the nervous system
Describe the characteristics of the nervous system
Answers :Specific structural arrangement
NT into synaptic cleft
short distance
dependent on anatomic relationship between neurons and their target cells
fast, brief action
coordinates rapid/precise responses
Describe the characteristics of the endocrine system
Answers :"wireless system" aka widely dispersed
hormones into blood
long distance
dependent on specificity of target cell
slow
, long
controls activities that are long rather than fast
How do the endocrine and nervous system interact?
Answers :1. Neurons secrete hormones
2. Secretion of hormones can be controlled by the nervous system
3. Hormones can bind to receptors on neurons to alter signaling
4. hormones affect birth+death of neurons, synapse formation, dendritic branching,
myelination of neurons, glial cell number/function
5. SOME chemical messengers can act as NT or hormones
What are glial cells?
Answers :Critical for memory of learning (possibly linked to alzheimer's and/or
parkinsons)
What are the two groups of hormones and how are they sorted?
Answers :Sorted by solubility properties
Hydrophilic hormones
Lipophilic hormones
What are the types of hydrophilic hormones?
Answers :1. Amino acid derivatives=the amines
2. Peptide hormones
What is an example of an amine hydrophilic hormone?
Answers :Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine (comes from tyrosine)
