BIOS-208 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
How many elements are essential for human life?
Answers :about 25
What four elements make up 96% of living matter?
Answers :carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Trace elements
Answers :essential but only needed in small quantities
Atoms in the nucleus
Answers :protons and neutrons
Atoms in the orbitals
Answers :electrons
Isotopes
Answers :same number of protons, different number of neutrons
radioactive isotopes
Answers :nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy
Valence shell
Answers :outermost electron shell, determines chemical properties of the atom
cohesion
,Answers :tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together
adhesion
Answers :tendency of two different kinds of molecules to stick together
structural isomers
Answers :have the same formula but different structure
cis-trans isomers
Answers :have the same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangements
enantiomers
Answers :isomers that are mirror images of each other
polysaccharides
Answers :thousands of monosaccharides together
Function of polysaccharides
Answers :storage molecules, structural compounds
starch
Answers :energy storage in plants (potatoes)
glycogen
, Answers :energy storage in animals (muscle)
cellulose
Answers :sugar storage in plants
chitin
Answers :exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans, cell walls of fungi
lipids
Answers :contain many C-C and C-H bonds
Triglycerides
Answers :fats and oils (energy storage)
phospholipids
Answers :bilayer membranes
steroids
Answers :membranes, hormones
saturated fatty acids
Answers :have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and no double
bonds
unsaturated fatty acids
Answers :have one or more double bonds
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
How many elements are essential for human life?
Answers :about 25
What four elements make up 96% of living matter?
Answers :carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Trace elements
Answers :essential but only needed in small quantities
Atoms in the nucleus
Answers :protons and neutrons
Atoms in the orbitals
Answers :electrons
Isotopes
Answers :same number of protons, different number of neutrons
radioactive isotopes
Answers :nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy
Valence shell
Answers :outermost electron shell, determines chemical properties of the atom
cohesion
,Answers :tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together
adhesion
Answers :tendency of two different kinds of molecules to stick together
structural isomers
Answers :have the same formula but different structure
cis-trans isomers
Answers :have the same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangements
enantiomers
Answers :isomers that are mirror images of each other
polysaccharides
Answers :thousands of monosaccharides together
Function of polysaccharides
Answers :storage molecules, structural compounds
starch
Answers :energy storage in plants (potatoes)
glycogen
, Answers :energy storage in animals (muscle)
cellulose
Answers :sugar storage in plants
chitin
Answers :exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans, cell walls of fungi
lipids
Answers :contain many C-C and C-H bonds
Triglycerides
Answers :fats and oils (energy storage)
phospholipids
Answers :bilayer membranes
steroids
Answers :membranes, hormones
saturated fatty acids
Answers :have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and no double
bonds
unsaturated fatty acids
Answers :have one or more double bonds