EMT Skills Complete Test Guide.

Trauma Assessment - correct answer 1. BSI's Scene Size Up: 2. Scene is safe 3. MOI. 4. Determine number of patients. 5. Request ALS backup. 6. Consider stabilization of spine. Primary Survey: 7. Verbalize general impression of patient. 8. Determines chief complaint/life threats. 9. Airway (open, insert adjunct if necessary). 10. Breathing (asses adequate ventilation, manage airway compromising injury, and initiates appropriate oxygen therapy). 11. Circulation (pulse, skin color/condition/temp, control major bleeding, initiate shock management). 12. Identify patient priority and request transport. History: 13. SAMPLE History Secondary Assessment: 14. Head (scalp, ears, eyes, mouth, nose, and facial area). 15. Neck (check position of trachea, jugular veins, cervical spine). 16. Chest (inspect, palpate, auscultate). 17. Abdomen/Pelvis (inspect, palpate, assess pelvis, verbalize genitalia/perineum). 18. Lower extremities (inspect, palpate, asses PMS) 19. Upper extremities (inspect, palpate, asses PMS) 20. Posterior thorax/lumbar/buttocks (inspect, palpate) Vital Signs: 21. Obtain baseline vital signs (BP, P, and R), manage secondary injuries/wounds. Reassessment: 22. Demonstrate when and how to reassess patient. Medical Assessment - correct answer 1. BSI's Scene Size Up: 2. Scene safety 3. MOI 4. Number of patients 5. Request additional ALS Assistance 6. Stabilize spine Primary Survey: 7. General impression of patient 8. AVPU Responsiveness 9. Chief complaint/apparent life threats. 10. Airway and Breathing (Assess ventilation, initiates appropriate oxygen therapy). 11. Circulation (control major bleeding, skin color/condition/temp, checks pulse). 12. Identify patient priority/transfer. History Taking: 13. OPQRST (s/s) 14. PMHx (Allergies, Medications, Past pertinent history, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time). Secondary Assessment: 15. Assesses body part/system (Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Neurological, Musculoskeletal, Integumentary, GI/GU, Reproductive, and Psychological/Social). Vital Signs: 16. BP, Pulse, RR (quality). 17. State general impression of patient, verbalizes proper interventions/treatment. Reassessment: 18. How/when to reassess patient to determine changes in condition. 19. Provide accurate verbal report to arriving EMS unit. BVM Ventilation of an Apneic Adult Patient - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Checks responsiveness 3. Request additional EMS assistance 4. Checks breathing and pulse simultaneously (No more than 10 seconds, "pt. unresponsive, apneic and weak pulse of 60") 5. Opens airway properly ("mouth is full of secretions and vomitus") 6. Prepares rigid suction catheter 7. Turns power to suction device or retrieves manual suction device 8. Inserts rigid suction catheter without applying suction 9. Suctions the mouth and oropharynx ("the mouth and oropharynx are clear") 10. Opens the airway manually 11. Inserts oropharyngeal airway ("no gag reflex is presesnt and the pt accepts airway") 12. Ventilate immediately using BVM not attached to oxygen (Ventilation is properly performed without difficulty) 13. Re-check pulse for no more than 10 seconds 14. Attaches BVM to oxygen (15L/minute) 15. Ventilates pt adequately (Chest rise/fall, 10-12 per minute, every 5-6 seconds). Oxygen Administration by Non-Rebreather Mask - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Gathers appropriate equipment (cylinder, opening key, mask, regulator) 3. Cracks valve on oxygen tank 4. Checks oxygen tank pressure 5. Checks for leaks 6. Attaches non-rebreather mask to correct port of regulator 7. turns on oxygen flow to prefill reservoir bag 8. Adjust regulator to assure oxygen flow rate of at least 10 L/min. 9. Attaches mask to patients face and adjusts to fit snugly. Seated Spinal Immobilization - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Directs assistant to place/maintain head in neutral, in-line position 3. Directs assistant to manual stabilization of the head 4. Reasses PMS in each extremity 5. Applies appropriately sized extrication collar 6. Positions immobilization device behind patient 7. Secures device on pt torso 8. Evaluates torso fixation and adjusts as necessary 9. Evaluates and pads behind patients head as necessary 10. Secures pt head to device 11. Verbalizes moving to long backboard 12. Reassess PMS in each extremity. Supine Spinal Immobilization - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Directs assistant to place/hold head in-line position 3. Directs assistant to maintain manual stabilization of the head 4. Reassess PMS in each extremity 5. Applies C-collar 6. Positions immobilization device properly 7. Directs movement of pt to device without compromising the integrity of the spine 8. Applies padding to void between the torso and device if necessary 9. Immobilize torso to the board 10. Immobilizes the head to the device 11. Secures patients legs to the device 12. Secures patients arms to the device 13. Reassess PMS in each extremity. Bleeding Control and Shock Management - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Apply direct pressure to wound ("wound continues to bleed") 3. Apply Torniquet ("Pt. exhibiting s/s of hypoperfusion") 4. Properly positions patient 5. Administers high concentration oxygen 6. Initiates steps to prevent heat loss (blanket, turn up heat in ambulance) 7. Indicates need for immediate transportation Cardiac Arrest Management AED - correct answer 1. BSIs 2. Scene is safe 3. Question bystanders about the arrest events 4. Request additional EMS 5. Checks breathing and pulse simultaneously