AP CSP CRAM - FIVEABLE Comprehensive Exam Questions And Detailed Answers.

computing innovations - correct answer an innovation that uses a program as a key part of their function computing innovation physical samples - correct answer robots, tablets, and smart technology computing innovation non physical samples - correct answer social media, applications, edition software, and video games collaboration - correct answer integral to CS because it allows for diverse ideas and thoughts that cater toward different people pair programming - correct answer when two people share a computer and take turns coding logic Errors - correct answer unexpected behavior in program's output syntax errors - correct answer the code does not work properly because it is typed or written incorrectly run-time errors - correct answer error occurs while code runs overflow errors - correct answer the numbers are too big for the computer iterative development process - correct answer develop working prototypes of a program and go back through the cycle to redevelop the program incremental development process - correct answer break a problem into small parts and then reassemble the solution when each party is fixed waterfall development model - correct answer a step-by-step process where each step flows into another data - correct answer collection of numbers and facts from different sources bits - correct answer binary digits; what computers store data in machine code - correct answer what computer reads; usually in the binary system __ bits = 1 byte - correct answer 8 bits hexadecimal - correct answer used for RGB color codes and it uses numbers and letters to represent values ASCII code - correct answer converts text to binary format abstraction - correct answer reduces complexity by only focusing on the most important parts and hiding the irrelevant parts from the user analog data - correct answer measured continuously and change smoothly digital data - correct answer measured digitally and leaves out extra data by simplifying the data collected (form of abstraction) data compression - correct answer dependent on the method used and the amount of repeated info in the data lossless compression - correct answer less compression and better file quality lossy compression - correct answer more compression and worse file quality metadata - correct answer data about data data mining - correct answer examining very large data sets to find information transforming data - correct answer editing or modify data pseudocode - correct answer an outline of the basic ideas behind how algorithms will work. review ap csp exam sheet and fully understand it. ap pseudocode index - correct answer index that starts are 1 loops - correct answer traverse through list/arrays/strings data types - correct answer integers, strings, lists, and booleans list (array) - correct answer an ordered sequence of element strings - correct answer ordered lists of characters substrings - correct answer part of a string string concatenation - correct answer occurs when two strings or more are connected w/ a "+" algorithm - correct answer has instructions that accomplish a task or solve a problem all algorithms are created using - correct answer sequencing, selection, and iteration sequencing - correct answer all of the code is executed in the order they are written in expression - correct answer a statement that only returns one value (Evaluated with PEMDAS) selection - correct answer processed through if statements that all have teh conditions that need to be met for the selection to run else-statements - correct answer attached to if-statements which specify what happens if a condition is not met if-statement - correct answer selection will run if conditions required are met MOD (%) - correct answer gives you the remainder of 2 numbers nested conditional statements - correct answer conditional statements inside of conditional statements procedures - correct answer programming instructions that are also called methods or functions parameters - correct answer input variables of a procedure arguments - correct answer a call with defined values and attributes logical (Boolean) operators - correct answer NOT, AND, and OR element - correct answer individual value in a list index - correct answer what all elements have sequential computing - correct answer traditional programming where each program is processed at a time parallel computing - correct answer when a program is broken into smaller operations and processed at the same times using multiple processors distributed computing - correct answer multiple devices communicate together to run a program sequential solution - correct answer takes as long as the number of all the steps in a program parallel computing solution - correct answer faster with less number of cores fault tolerant - correct answer something can still function even with a partial malfunction redundancy - correct answer duplication of things internet - correct answer interconnection and networks computer network - correct answer when multiple computing devices communicate with each other data packets - correct answer what data on the internet is split into routing - correct answer the process of finding the best path to deliver information digital divide - correct answer gaps betweent hose who have access to the internet and those who do not things that affect digital divide - correct answer demographics, socioeconomic status, and geographic location intellectual property - correct answer the work that people consider "theirs" copyright - correct answer the person who created something determines who uses their creation creative commons - correct answer copyright license for creators to give others the ability to use their work open-sourcing - correct answer work is freely shared, distributed, and modified open access - correct answer research available to public without restrictions malware - correct answer malicious software that takes control of a system phishing - correct answer tricks people into giving their personal information away encryption - correct answer encoding data to prevent others from accessing it symmetric key encryption - correct answer one key for both encrypting and decrypting public key encryption - correct answer public key is to encrypt and private key is to decrypt