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Chapter 22 The Digestive System exam with complete solutions.

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The digestive system consists of: The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) or alimentary canal plus the accessory organs What does the digestive system do? It breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the bloodstream and delivered to the body cells in useable form (GI tract or alimentary canal and accessory organs) What is the alimentary canal (GI tract)? Continuous tube consisting of oral cavity (mouth), pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine What are the accessory organs? They are located around alimentary canal and assist in digestion in some way. Includes the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas What are the functions of the digestive system? 1. Ingest food, break it down into its component nutrients to be used by body cells 2. Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis 3. Ingest vitamins and minerals, produce hormones, excrete wastes Main processes of the digestive system: 1. Ingestion - bring food and water into mouth 2. Secretion - mucus, enzymes, acid, and hormones 3. Propulsion - via peristalsis


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