NURS 439 Midterm Exam With Complete Solution

NURS 439 Midte rm Exam With Comp lete Solut ion Normal aging process related to HTN - ANSWER -vascular thickening -loss of elasticity -cholesterol -LE venous valvular dysfunction Risk for falls related to BP - ANSWER -delayed sympathetic pathway -orthostatic hypoTN -Postprandial HypoTN (occurs after eating) What is the body's natural response to HTN? - ANSWER -increased urination to get rid of excess fluid -vasodilate Which drug class most closely mimics HTN processes? - ANSWER -diuretics -ACEs/ ARBs -Nitrates Most likely potential complications r/t HTN - ANSWER renal failure and heart failure Must not miss potential complications r/t HTN - ANSWER AAA and Stroke Potential complications with HTN - ANSWER MI/CAD, Retinopathy, ED, and PVD Definition of dizziness - ANSWER altered sense of balance and place in space Causes of dizziness - ANSWER benign vertigo, AE of medications, anemia, Definition of syncope - ANSWER sudden, temporary loss of consciousness Causes of syncope - ANSWER MI, Massive decreased CO, Vertebrobasilar insufficiency/ infarction, seizure, neurogenic mediated (vasovagal) Cause both syncope and dizziness - ANSWER vertebrobasilar insufficiency/ infarction, psychogenic, Hypoglycemia, FVD, orthostasis, dysrhythmia When prioritizing chronic stable angina... - ANSWER least concerning when priority setting since it is predictable When is SL nitroglycerin indicated? - ANSWER -chest pain -main priority is to save the heart tissue What are the safety checks before and after administration of Nitro? - ANSWER blood pressure, ED meds, LOC, and Patch? What are the diagnostics for CAD? - ANSWER -Serial serum cardiac biomarker sampling -CRP (inflammation) -EKG/ECG Most likely complications of ACS/MI/CAD/CHD - ANSWER -Dysrhythmias: develop in 80- 90% -Another MI: secondary prevention, protect myocardial perfusion, manage HTN