D276 - Web Development Foundations Study Guide With Complete Correct Answers.

What is the move towards separating document structure, presentation, and webpage interaction called? - correct answer Separation of concerns What is a packet? - correct answer Information sent on the Internet What does an IP address represent? - correct answer A computer's unique address on the Internet What is the format of a typical IP address? - correct answer 32 bits divided into four 8-bit groups What is IPv4? - correct answer The original Internet Protocol with 32-bit addresses What is IPv6? - correct answer A new version of Internet Protocol with 128-bit addresses What does DNS stand for? - correct answer Domain Name Server What are root servers? - correct answer Thirteen main DNS servers in the world What is a domain name registrar? - correct answer Services that allow domain name registration What is a domain name? - correct answer A name for an IP address What does TLD stand for? - correct answer Top-level Domains Give examples of TLDs. - correct answer .com, .net, .org, .edu, .gov What does ccTLD stand for? - correct answer Country Code Top-Level Domain Give examples of ccTLDs. - correct answer .uk (United Kingdom), .us (United States), .ru (Russia) What does SLD stand for? - correct answer Second-Level Domain What is an example of an SLD? - correct answer 'wikipedia' in What does TLD stand for? - correct answer Third-Level Domain What is an example of a TLD? - correct answer 'www' in What does URL stand for? - correct answer Uniform Resource Locator What is a URL? - correct answer The location of a web resource, such as What is a scheme in a URL? - correct answer Characters at the beginning of a URL followed by a colon (:) or a colon and double slashes (://) Give examples of common schemes. - correct answer http, https, mailto, file What is a hostname in a URL? - correct answer The complete domain name following the scheme in a URL What is a path in a URL? - correct answer The characters to the right of the hostname in a URL What is a query string in a URL? - correct answer Optional characters to the right of the question mark (?) in a URL that provide data for the web server What is a fragment in a URL? - correct answer Optional characters at the end of a URL that with a hash character (#) and refer to a certain location within a webpage What is a 404? - correct answer The status code that a web server returns to a browser when a requested webpage is not found What is linkrot? - correct answer When content is removed from the web and the URLs that used to point to the content now return a 404 (not found) status code What does TCP/IP stand for? - correct answer Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol What is TCP/IP? - correct answer A protocol suite that governs how data packets are transferred over the Internet from one machine to another What is an HTTP request? - correct answer A message sent from the web browser to the web server What is an HTTP response? - correct answer A message sent from the web server back to the web browser in response to an HTTP request What is Content-Length? - correct answer Number of bytes in the HTTP response's message body What is Content-Type? - correct answer Media type of the HTTP response's message body What is Date in an HTTP response? - correct answer Datetime the HTTP response was generated by the web server What is Last-Modified in an HTTP response? - correct answer Datetime the requested resource was last modified on the web server What is Server in an HTTP response? - correct answer Identifies the web server software that generated the HTTP response What is the design principle of breaking up web content? - correct answer Separation of concerns What is an HTML element? - correct answer A single HTML structure represented with tags What is a tag? - correct answer A descriptive name surrounded by and characters used to display content What is a link? - correct answer A clickable item that opens another webpage when clicked What is CSS? - correct answer Cascading Style Sheets - a language for describing webpage styling What is a CSS rule? - correct answer Specifies styling properties for specific HTML elements What is JavaScript? - correct answer A programming language that runs in a browser What is a function? - correct answer A named group of statements that can be executed What is a variable? - correct answer Stores a value or a reference to a webpage element What is the optional attribute used with the img element? - correct answer Alt attribute What is aspect ratio? - correct answer The ratio of image width to height What does JPEG stand for? - correct answer Joint Photographic Experts Group What is PNG? - correct answer Portable Network Graphics What does GIF stand for? - correct answer Graphics Interchange Format What type of compression is used by JPEG images? - correct answer Lossy compression What type of compression is used by PNG and GIF images? - correct answer Lossless compression What is true color? - correct answer 24-bit color with approximately 16 million different colors What is a favicon? - correct answer A small icon that identifies a website What does an anchor tag do? - correct answer Defines a hyperlink in a webpage What is a hyperlink? - correct answer Specifies where other information is located and what action the web browser should perform when a user clicks the hyperlink. What is the href attribute? - correct answer Specifies the hyperlink's URL. What is the 'mailto' hyperlink used for? - correct answer Used to send requests and responses over the Internet without encryption. What is the 'file' hyperlink used for? - correct answer Used to refer to a document on the same computer as the web browser. What is an absolute URL? - correct answer A complete URL that includes a scheme (http://, https://, etc.) What is a relative URL? - correct answer Specifies the relative path to the web resource with no scheme or hostname. What does the ID attribute do? - correct answer Creates a fragment identifier, permitting URLs to link directly to the id's location in the document. What is a graphical hyperlink? - correct answer Also known as an Image Link, uses an image inside a hyperlink instead of text. What does the target attribute indicate? - correct answer Indicates how the browser should display the link when clicked. What is an entity in HTML? - correct answer A mechanism for writing special characters or symbols in HTML. What does the   entity represent? - correct answer Non-breaking space HTML entity. What is a wireframe? - correct answer A blueprint, showing where the future content will be arranged on a webpage. What is a container in web development? - correct answer Any part of a web document body that has opening and closing tags. What is a block element? - correct answer An element that fills the width of the element's parent container and can contain other block elements, inline elements, and text. What is the div.../div element used for? - correct answer A generic element for creating block containers to facilitate managing page content and is the only block element with no semantic meaning. What is an inline element? - correct answer An HTML element that fills the minimum space possible in the element's parent container and can only contain text or other inline elements. span.../span - correct answer Generic element for creating inline containers. form.../form - correct answer Allows browser to submit information from user to server. Action attribute - correct answer Indicates URL where form data should be sent. Method attribute - correct answer Indicates HTTP request type for communication with server. Get method - correct answer Technique to submit information by altering URL. Post method - correct answer Technique to submit information in HTTP request body. enctype attribute - correct answer Used with value 'multipart/form-data' to split POST request into multiple parts. widget - correct answer Interactive component used for user in