Ggh3701 Learning Unit 5 Set Comprehensive Questions And Answers

Biomes which are subdivided biogeographic regions, have therefore been demarcated according to these characteristics and are large-scale ecological units which can be distinguished according to the area's climate and plant structure Driving forces of degradation Natural forces which cause environmental change (i.e. volcanic eruptions and earthquakes) together with the pressures and impacts on terrestrial ecosystems cause the degradation of biological diversity. the main driving force behind the degradation of the environment Agriculture The primary driving forces, pressures and impacts related to biological resources. (1) Driving force - Population growth. Pressure - Exploitation and over-exploitation. Impact - Habitat loss and fragmentation (2) Driving force - Uneven distribution of wealth. Pressure - Land-use change. Impact - Changes in biodiversity. (3) Driving force - International demands. Pressure - Increased productivity of man-made systems and waste generation. Impact - Impaired ecosystem functioning. (4) Driving force - Population mobility/ globalisation. Pressure - Pollution (5) Driving force - Policy and legislation (previous). Pressure - Changes in climate. (6) Driving force - Natural disturbances. Pressure - Invasion of alien invasive species. State of Southern Africa The Southern African region is rich in biological diversity; however, the pressure on these biological systems has increased due to population growth, unequal distribution of wealth, globalisation and incorrect management practices The National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (NEMBA), 2004 (Act 10 of 2004) - to provide for the management and conservation of South Africa's biodiversity within the framework of the National Environmental Management Act, 1998; - the protection of species and ecosystems that warrant national protection; - the sustainable use of indigenous biological resources; - the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from bioprospecting involving indigenous biological resources