BIOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM PENN FOSTER WITH QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS [GRADED A+] REAL EXAM 100%

BIOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM PENN FOSTER WITH QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS [GRADED A+] REAL EXAM 100% What is the scientific method? What is it's importance in biological sciences? - ANS---Process used to validate observations while minimizing observer bias It's goal is for research to be conduced in a fair, unbiased and repeatable manner. The best way to discover how and why the world works What is matter? - ANS---Anything that has mass and takes up space What is an atom? - ANS---smallest unit of matter that retains all the chemical properties of an element. They combine to form molecules which then form into a solid, gas or liquid Characteristics of living things - ANS----All are composed of cells -All obtain energy and use it to develop -Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to change -Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their environment Levels of Biological Organization - ANS---atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism How are organisms classified? - ANS---on the basis of their evolutionary/genetic relatedness What is the structure of an atom? - ANS---Nucleus in the center that contains protons (positively charged) and neutrons (no charge). The outermost region is called an electron shell that contain the electrons (negatively charged) Carbohydrates - ANS---Broken down to glucose to provide energy. What are the different kinds of carbs? - ANS---Glucose= monosaccharide that serves as blood sugar Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in plants Glycogen= stores energy in animals Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls Protein - ANS---macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair Lipid - ANS---Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Serve as a long term energy source Nucleic acid - ANS---macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus Form DNA which acts to store genetic information What is the cell theory? - ANS---All living organisms are made up of cells The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms All cells arise from pre-existing cells Ribosome - ANS---Makes proteins Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS---A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. Smooth ER - ANS---Makes lipids