WGU C785 Module 2 exam with complete solutions

Activation Energy The energy required to start a chemical reaction. Amino acid An amino acid is a small molecule containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group as well as a side chain of variable structure, called an R group Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More Catalyst substances that speed up chemical reactions and remain unchanged by the reaction they facilitate Chaperones Helper molecules that assist the folding of a newly made polypeptide. Competitive inhibitor A molecule which competes with the substrate for binding to the enzyme active site there by inhibiting the enzyme's activity. Denaturation A process by which the native functional structure of a molecule has been disrupted disulfide bond A double bond between two Sulphur atoms in cysteine side chains. hydrophobic effect The tendency of water to minimize its contacts with nonpolar substances, thereby inducing the substances to aggregate. hydrophobic interactions Interaction between the R groups of hydrophobic amino acids. Induced fit A model of enzyme action indicating that the enzyme's active site conformation changes slightly to better accommodate a specific substrate. Ion pair Alternative term for salt bridge. An electrostatic interaction between two ionic groups of opposite charge. noncompetitive inhibitor A molecule which inhibits the enzyme action by binding at a site other than the active binding site of the enzyme. Peptide bond Amino acids are linked together by a specific type of bond called a peptide bond Polypeptide A single protein chain consisting of several amino acids bonded by peptide bonds is called a polypeptide. Primary Structure The sequence of amino acid