Final Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Exam Review| Questions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)- Chamberlain

Final Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Exam Review| Questions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)- Chamberlain 1. When is it okay for a patient to have an A1C goal of 6.5%? ~ Answer: When there are no hypoglycemic events and the patient can handle it. 2. A person comes in with an A1C of 10% and a fasting glucose of 300, what are the next steps for the provider? ~ Answer: Combination injectable therapy immediately. IF 9% can start at step 2 with dual therapy. P400 3. Biguanide (metformin) ~ Answer: Decreases glucose production by the liver 4. Who should not take metformin? ~ Answer: Severe metabolic acidosis can occur with accumulation of metformin. Highest risk occurs in diabetic patients with significant renal impairment. ~ liver disease, severe infection, or a history of lactic acidosis ~ contraindicated for people with failing hearts 5. Sulfonylureas should not be used during __________ or with _______ or _______ impairment. ~ Answer: Not used during pregnancy; liver or renal impairment 6. What is the TDD of a person that weighs 70kg? If a person is eating a 50 carb meal, how much insulin will be needed based on the TDD from the above question? ~ Answer: TDD = 42 ~ 500/42 = 12 rounded ~ 50/12 = 4 units of insulin 7. A patients states that she will take her Insulin lispro 30-60 minutes before a meal. ~ Answer: Lispro onset is 15-30 mins 8. Mixing insulins ~ Answer: When a mixture is prepared, the short-acting insulin should be drawn into the syringe first to avoid contaminating the stock vial of the short-acting insulin with NPH insulin. 9. Canagliflozin s/e ~ Answer: female genital fungal infections, urinary tract infections, and increased urination. 10. A patient taking Sitagliptin reports abdominal pain with vomiting. What are your next steps? ~ Answer: Concern for pancreatitis 11. Lifespan considerations formethylxanthines ~ Answer: •Rates of metabolism are affected by age. For nonsmoking adults half-life is about 8 hours. Smoking can accelerate it.Half-life in kids is 4hrs 12. LABA MOA ~ Answer: A sympathomimetic drug that activates B2 adrenergic receptors. This promotes broncho dilation and thus relieving bronchospasm. Has limited role in suppressing histamine release in the lung. 13. A patient wakes up at night a few times a week, has been using his SABA daily, and has been experiencing symptoms daily, and states he cannot make it up flight of stairs without trouble breathing. What is his severity of his asthma symptoms and what step should be considered? ~ Answer: Moderate persistent asthmaStep 3- not well controlled, SABA PRN, low dose IGC and LABA OR medium dose IGC 14. What are some benefits of using ICS? ~ Answer: very effective, safer than systemic, usually minor adverse reactions 15. tdap ~ Answer: A booster