NUR 3196 - Module 11 Exam 3 with Complete Solutions

NUR 3196 - Module 11 Exam 3 with Complete Solu tions Innate immunity Innate immunity microorganisms Correct answer ___ includes natural barriers and inflammation. ___ barriers form the first line of defense at the body's surfaces. They serve to prevent damage by the environment and thwart infection by pathogenic ___ second inflammatory Correct answer If the surface barriers are breached, the ___ line of defense, the ___ response, is activated to protect the body from further injury, fight infection, and promote healing third adaptive Correct answer The ___ line of defense, ___ immunity (also known as acquired or specific immunity), is induced through a slower and more specific process and targets particular invaders and diseased tissues for the purpose of eradicating them. ___ immunity also involves "memory," which results in a more rapid response during future exposure to the same invader. 1st line of defense Correct answer EX: skin, linings of GI, GU, resp. tracts, tears, saliva, mucus, sweat, earwax barriers (1st line) Correct answer -constant -broadly specific -epithelial cells -no memory involved -Defensins, collectins, lactoferrin, bacterial toxins -rotection includes anatomic barriers (i.e., skin and mucous membranes), cells and secretory molecules (e.g., lysozymes, low pH of stomach and urine), and ciliary activity NUR 3196 - Module 11 Exam 3 with Complete Solu tions inflammatory (2nd line) Correct answer -immediate response -broadly specific -Mast cells, granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils), monocytes/macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, platelets, endothelial cells -No memory involved -Activation of complement, clotting factors, kinins, cytokines -Protection includes vascular responses, cellular components (e.g., mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages), secretory molecules or cytokines, and activation of plasma protein system adaptive (3rd line) Correct answer -Delay between first exposure to antigen and maximal response; immediate against secondary exposure to same antigen -Response is very specific toward target -T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells -Specific immunologic memory by T and B lymphocytes -Antibodies, complement, cytokines -Protection includes activated T and B lymphocytes, cytokines, and antibodies mast cells Correct answer The inflammatory response activates 3 plasma systems. two are interdependent, so the introduction to __ introduces the other two. symptoms of inflammation Correct answer -vasodilation, vascular permeability (edema), cellular infiltration, thrombosis (clots), stimulation of nerve endings (pain) Nonspecific Inflammatory Response Correct answer Takes place in approximately the same way, regardless of the type of stimulus or whether exposure to the same stimulus has occurred in the past. EX: people have the same reaction to mosquito bite every time they are bit