Drexel Nursing 221 Exam 1 Study Questions and Correct Answers

Neoplasia "New Growth" It implies an abnormality of cellular growth. Synonymous with "tumor". Anemia A deficiency in circulating red blood cells. Tumors Thrombocytopenia A deficiency in the number of circulating platelets. Decrease is aggregation and clotting of blood. Epistaxis, metorrhagia hematuria, and petechiae often occur. Increased risk of intracranial hemorrhaging. Leukopenia A decrease in the number of circulating white blood cells. This causes an increased risk of infection and is the most common cause of death in immunocomprimised patients. Causes weight loss, anorexia, lymphoadenophy, and CNS dysfunction. -penia Lack of; Deficiency; Decrease. What are the effects of cancer on the body? 1) Pain - the break down of cells release inflammatory mediators which cause pain. 2) Cachexia - overall loss of weight and general weakness. 3) Immunosuppression - cancer cells secrete immunosuppressents which reduce T and B cell populations. 4) Bonemarrow Suppression - contributes to leucopenia, throbocytopenia and anemia due to destruction of blood forming cells, malnutrition and chemotherapy. 5) Paraneoplastic Syndrome - symptoms that can't be explained by obvious tumor properties (Ex. FUO) 6) Hair loss and sloughing of mucosal membranes due to radiation or chemotherapy. Cachexia Overall loss of weight and general weakness. Paraneoplastic Syndrome Symptoms that can't be explained by obvious tumor properties. Ex. Tumors produce/secrete hormones or generate fevers of unknown origins (FUO). Staging of Tumors Location and pattern of spread of a tumor within the host. Tumor size, extent of local growth, lymph node and organ involvement, and presence of distance of metastases.