The Endocrine System Bio 2260 Test Questions with Correct Answers

What are the two regulatory systems of the body? Nervous system and Endocrine system. What is the nervous system? Acts very rapidly through nerves and nerve impulses, or action potentials. What is the endocrine system? Slower acting, but is very important in terms of health and disease for its longer acting effects. They are chemical messengers called hormone. What is the endocrine glands referred to as? Ductless glands. What are ductless glands? Substances secreted by endocrine glands directly enter the circulatory system or act directly on specific cells. Each endocrine gland secrete how many hormones? One or more. What are the hormones the endocrine gland secrete? Chemical messengers that are steroids, proteins, amino acids, or lipids. What are examples of steroids? Aldosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. What are steroids? Built from cholesterol and bound loosely to plasma proteins, lipid-soluble, and can easily cross cell membranes. What are proteins? Not lipid-soluble and receptors that are structures in the cell membranes of a target tissue. What are examples of proteins? Growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, calcitonin from the thyroid gland, Antidiuretic (ADH) hormone from the posterior pituitary gland. What are amino acids? Require a second messenger. What are examples of amino acids? Melatonin, which is secreted by the pineal gland.