Biology 2260 Cardiovascular System Review Questions with Correct Answers

Describe the general functions of blood transportation, regulation, protection 6 characteristics that describe blood, and explain significance of each to health and homeostasis Color: oxygenated= BRIGHT red deoxygenated= DARK red Plasma concentration: determines whether fluid moves between fluid compartments by osmosis Temperature: redistributes heat to maintain homeostasis Volume: about 5 liters in an adult, normal blood volume is essential for maintaining blood pressure Viscosity: four to five times thicker than water Blood pH: slightly alkaline, 7.4, another factor is respiratory rate List the three components of a centrifuged blood sample Erythrocytes, Buffy Coat, Plasma Define Hematocrit and explain how the medical definition differs from the clinical usage Percentage of volume of formed elementsPercentage of only erythrocytes Would a hematocrit of 39% be considered normal? Yes Name the three formed elements of the blood and compare their relative abundance. Erythrocytes 44 percentBuffy Coat less than 1 percentPlasma 55 percent What are the functions of erythrocytes and leukocytes? Erythrocytes - - to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide Leukocytes - defend against disease, leave and return to the blood stream1% of blood volume1 leukocyte to every 1000 erythrocyte What is the pH of blood and why does it matter? The pH of blood is 7.35-7.45, important for maintaining physiological homeostasis Define colloid osmotic pressure osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins, prevents loss of fluid from blood as it moves thru capillaries, help maintain blood volume and pressure Would a malnourished person eating inadequate amounts of protein have blood with high or low colloid osmotic pressure? low colloid osmotic pressure