Paramedic Pharmacology Exam Questions With Verified And Updated Solutions.

Paramedic Pharmacology Exam Questions With Verified And Updated Solutions. Activated Charcoal: Indications - answerUsed to treat certain types of poisonings and overdoses. Activated Charcoal: Administration - answerAdministered PO. Activated Charcoal: Dosage - answerAdult: 50g. Pediatric: 1g/kg. Activated Charcoal: Therapeutic Effects - answerBinds and absorbs various chemicals and poisonous compounds, thereby reducing their absorption into the body. Activated Charcoal: Contraindications - answerCaustic/Corrosive substances. Cyanide poisonings. Semiconscious or unconscious patients. Activated Charcoal: Side Effects - answerAbdominal cramping, constipation, dark stools, nausea, and vomiting. Activated Charcoal: Special Notes/Restrictions - answerDoes not absorb all drugs or toxic substances (i.e., cyanide, lithium, iron, lead, arsenic, etc.). Has no effect in methanol or organophosphate poisonings. Has little therapeutic value in caustic alkalis and acid poisonings. Should not be given with ice cream, milk, sherbet, or syrup of ipecac. Adenosine (Adenocard): Indications - answerParoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Supraventricular tachycardia. Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. Adenosine (Adenocard): Administration - answerRapid intravenous (IV), rapid intraosseous (IO) followed by normal saline (NS) flush. Adenosine (Adenocard): Dosage - answerAdult: Supraventricular tachycardia: initial 6 mg IV bolus over 1 to 2 seconds, increase to 12 mg every 1 to 2 minutes as needed for 2 doses, maximum single dose 12 mg. Pediatric: Initial: 0.1 mg/kg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) (max: 6 mg). Repeat: 0.2 mg/kg IVP (max: 12 mg). Adenosine (Adenocard): Therapeutic Effects - answerSlows conduction time through atrioventricular (AV) node. Interrupts reentry pathways through AV node. Restores sinus rhythm in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Adenosine (Adenocard): Contraindications - answerHypersensitivity to adenosine. Second- or third-degree AV block. Sinus node dysfunction, such as sick sinus syndrome or symptomatic bradycardia. Atrial flutter/atrial fibrillation. Sick sinus syndrome. Ventricular tachycardia. Adenosine (Adenocard): Side Effects - answerTransient AV block, asystole, and other dysrhythmias. Chest pressure. Dizziness. Flushing. Nausea. Shortness of breath. Adenosine (Adenocard): Special Notes/Restrictions - answerOnset is generally within less than 1 minute. Adverse effects are usually short-lived and easily tolerated. Effects may be more pronounced in patients on dipyridamole. Effects may be attenuated in patients on theophylline preparations. Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Indications - answerAcute bronchospasm. Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Administration - answerHandheld nebulizer, nebulizer mask, endotracheal tube (ETT). Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Dosage - answerAdult: 2.5 mg/3 cc normal saline solution (NSS) Pediatric: 2.5 mg 3 cc NSS Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Therapeutic Effects - answerDecreases bronchospasm via beta receptors. Improves pulmonary function. Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Contraindications - answerHypersensitivity to any of the contents of the solution. Tachydysrhythmias. Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Side Effects - answerCough. Dizziness or nervousness. Nausea. Tachycardia. Tremor. Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil): Special Notes/Restrictions - answerMay be put down the ETT in intubated asthmatics or COPD patients. Amiodarone (Cordarone): Indications - answerVentricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, rapid atrial fibrillation, rapid atrial flutter, SVT. Amiodarone (Cordarone): Administration - answerIVP or IV infusion. Amiodarone (Cordarone): Dosage - answerAdult: Pulseless ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia (VF/VT) - Initial: 300 mg IVP. Pulseless VF/VT - Repeat: 150 mg IVP. Rapid atrial fibrillation/flutter: 2.5 to 5 mg/kg slow IVP. Rapid atrial fibrillation/flutter (alternative): 150 mg/100 cc D5W over 10 minutes.