Galen Pharm Exam 3 Who am I Study Guide With Complete Answers.

Used to control hypertension, angina, dysrhythmia Reduces heart rate Contraindicated in bradycardia Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia Monitor blood pressure Beta 1 selective blocker - correct answer metoprolol Nonselective; beta 1 and beta 2 blocker Used for HTN, angina Contraindicated with bradycardia, respiratory disorders Masks hypoglycemia symptoms - correct answer Propanolol An alpha adrenergic blocker Used for HTN, BPH Not given with renal disease Takes weeks to work Will decrease LDL Can cause water retention, so can be given with a diuretic - correct answer Prazosin An ACE inhibitor Side effect - dry cough Not given during pregnancy Adverse effects of hyperkalemia, angioedema Watch for hypoglycemia if diabetic - correct answer Lisinopril ARB Adverse effect of angioedema, renal dysfunction, and hyperkalemia Must watch potassium level, renal function - correct answer Valsartan Calcium channel blocker Blocks calcium, decreases contractility Side effect of peripheral edema Can be given with a diuretic for edema Not given with a beta blocker Watch for rebound tachycardia - correct answer Amlodipine Used for TB Best taken on empty stomach Watch liver function Can cause adverse effect of paresthesias (neuropathy) - correct answer Isoniazid - INH Used for TB Can cause liver damage Take on empty stomach Stains secretions - correct answer Rifampin Antihistamine Side effects - drowsiness Avoid driving and other CNS depressants Contraindicated with severe liver disease, COPD, acute asthma Causes anticholinergic symptoms - correct answer diphenhydramine Antihistamine Used for allergies, common cold, urticaria Side effects- nervousness, insomnia, anticholinergic symptoms Can cause tachycardia - correct answer loratadine A decongestant Used for common cold, allergies, congestion Can cause dysrhythmia, hypertension, drowsy/dizzy, insomnia Not given to patients with heart disease - correct answer pseudoephedrine Nasal spray decongestant Can have side effects - jittery, restless, nasal dryness/irritation, increased BP Not used with hypertension, heart disease, diabetes Used only short term - BID X 3 days Increase fluids - correct answer oxymetazoline Intranasal glucocorticoid Used for allergic rhinitis Nasal spray used for short term, acts fast Can cause thrush - wash mouth after use - correct answer fluticasone An antitussive Suppresses the cough reflex See MD if cough lasts longer than a week Increase fluids - correct answer Dextromethorphan An expectorant Loosens bronchial secretions/congestion Increase fluids Side effects - drowsy, dizzy, HA Adverse effect of respiratory depression - correct answer Guaifenesin Beta 2 adrenergic agonist Produces bronchodilation Side effects - nervousness, tremor, dizzy Report tachycardia and palpitations Teach how to use MDI - correct answer Albuterol Anticholinergic Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi, dilates bronchi Not given with glaucoma Adverse effects- cardiac dysrhythmia, dehydration Teach dry powder inhaler (DPI) - correct answer Tiotropium A leukotriene antagonist Used for exercise induced bronchospasm, asthma Not given for acute asthma asthmaticus Take at night, or 2 hours before exercise No green tea / St. Johns wort - correct answer Montelukast A combination drug used for asthma DPI Can cause throat irritation and infection Wash mouth out with water inhaler as well No food or drink 30 min after med - correct answer Fluticasone / salmeterol Most common cold meds not given if the patient has - correct answer heart disease (HTN), or diabetes Used for hypothyroidism Replaces T3T4, takes weeks to work Take in AM on empty stomach Report side effects - HTN, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias Interferes with metformin and anticoagulants Don't stop abruptly - correct answer levothyroxine Interferes with secretion of T3T4 Many drug-drug interactions - anticoagulants, antidiabetics Can cause agranulocytosis - watch infection Don't stop abruptly Takes weeks to work - correct answer PTU Used for hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia in renal failure Promotes calcium absorption from GI, secretion of calcium from bone to blood stream Watch for hypocalcemia symptoms - tetany, paresthesias, laryngeal spasm - correct answer Calcitriol A glucocorticoid / corticosteroid Suppresses inflammation and immune response Side effects - fluid/sodium retention, increased appetite, increased blood sugar, decreased immunity Don't stop abruptly - correct answer Prednisone Used to maintain fluid balance in hypovolemia, Addison's Disease Causes sodium retention, potassium excretion Watch fluid overload, hypokalemia - correct answer fludrocortisone Used for type 1 diabetes The onset is 15-30 minutes Must have food when giving this Peaks in 30-90 minutes - correct answer Rapid : Lispro Long acting insulin No peak Lasts 24 hours Not mixed, given at night Onset is 1-1.5 hours - correct answer Glargine short actingInsulin Can be mixed Can be given IV Onset is 30 min Peak in 2.5-5 hours - correct answer Regular Intermediate Insulin Onset is 1-2 hours Cloudy Can be mixed Peaks in 4-12 hours - correct answer NPH A mixed insulin May see it as 70/30 - correct answer NPH 70 / Regular 30 Oral antidiabetic agent Stimulates beta cells to produce more insulin Side effects - hypoglycemia No green tea Many drug to drug interactions - correct answer sulfonylurea - glipizide Used for type 2 diabetes Decreases glucose production Causes GI issues Not given with renal dysfunction - hold 48 hours before/after IV contrast No green tea - correct answer Biguanide - metformin Used for type 2 diabetes A