Galen Pharmacology Test 1 Question With Correct Verified Answers.

ear drops - correct answer INSTILL AT ROOM TEMP/ child- down and back/ adult- up and back eye drops - correct answer important to instill the eye drop medication into the conjunctival sac (not the eyeball/cornea). inner to outer enema - correct answer patient lays on left side pharmacokinetic - correct answer what happens in the body once med is administered -Absorption -Distribution/ Binding -Metabolism -Renal Excretion first-pass effect - correct answer A swallowed pill that goes into the liver through the portal vein where some of the drug becomes inactive protein binding - correct answer protein (usually albumin) binds to medication to help chemicals move through. When the medication is bound to the protein it is not available to perform its action in the body True or False - correct answer True free drug - correct answer The amount that is left not bound called the__________________and it performs the pharmacologic response pharmacodynamics phase - correct answer refers to the effects drugs will have on a patient and the mechanism of their actions. How do antacids affect drug absorption? - correct answer Antacids increase the PH (alkaline) of gastric juices which causes a decrease in the disintegration process Most drugs (excluding enteric coated or XR) need an acidic environment to break down. Lipid soluble drugs are not able to pass the membrane without a protein/ enzyme carrier. True or false - correct answer False In the GI tract the lining is made up of a mucous membrane composed of lipids and proteins which allows lipid soluble drugs to easily pass through. If the drug is water soluble it will need a protein or enzyme carrier to pass through Benzodiazepine - correct answer Alprazolam, Midazolam, Lorazepam,Diazepam NMS or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - correct answer Delirium with fever, catalepsy, and muscle rigidity, and blood pressure instability What 2 types of medication can cause Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome? - correct answer antipsychotics and antiemetics can cause this life threatening condition Local anesthetic - correct answer Lidocaine NSAID - correct answer Ibuprofen NSAID Cox-2 Inhibitor - correct answer Celecoxib non-opiod analgesic - correct answer acetaminophen non benzodiazepine - correct answer zolpidem Spinal anethesia - correct answer Spinal/Epidural Nsaid-Salicylate - correct answer Aspirin Anti-gout - correct answer allopurinol opioid - correct answer morphine sulphate opioid antagonist - correct answer naloxone CNS Stimulant-amphetemine-like - correct answer Methylphenidate Hydantoin, Antiepileptics - correct answer Phenytoin Valproate - correct answer valporic acid Barbituate - correct answer Phenobarbital antipsychotic nonphenothiazine - correct answer haloperidol SSRI - correct answer Fluoxetine MAOI - correct answer phenelzine sulfate atypical antipsychotic - correct answer aripiprazole tricyclic (TCA) - correct answer amitriptyline serotonin and norephinephrine reuptake inhibitor - correct answer venlafaxine mood stabalizer - correct answer lithium What are Phenobarbitol used for? - correct answer Treats seizures, status epilepticus What are 2 main side effects of Phenobarbitol - correct answer respiratory depression / sedation nice to know: depression, bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, confusion, drowsiness, headache, impaired judgment, nightmares, constipation, ED. What does Alprozolam interact with? - correct answer Grape fruit / juice While taking benzodiazepines, the patient should avoid drinking alcohol & green tea True or false - correct answer True zolpidem - correct answer nonbenzodiazepine Ambien, Ambien CR Who am I? Nonbenzodiazepine Treats insomnia, take 15-30 min before bed Avoid alcohol, OTC sleep meds Used short term, can build tolerance - correct answer zolpidem What is happening during absorption - correct answer drug gets into bloodstream What is the primary site for metabolism? - correct answer liver What affects absorption? - correct answer High fat foods Decreased gastric emptying Exercise GI acidity