Microbiology (Pierce College)

Chapter 3 1. Matrix formed outside the plasma membrane is referred to as Glycocalyx 2. The cell organelles found only in algae and plant cells are Chloroplast 3. Peptidoglycan is typically found in the cell wall 4. Chitin is a component of the cell wall of Fungi 5. Bacteria that have a single polar flagellum at one end one are referred to as Monotrichous 6. Bacteria that have flagella that are distributed over the general cell surface are referred to as peritrichous 7. Pili are also called fimbriae 8. The structures that can move fluid, mucus, or cells over the surface of a cell are cilia 9. The fliidlike portion of a cell is referred to as cytosol 10. Which of the following structures is shaped like a hollow cylinder made out of tubular proteins? microtubules 11. The cell organelle responsible for the packaging of proteins is the golgi complex 12. Which of the following cell organelles contain digestive enzymes? lysosomes 13. Which of the following organelles contain oxidative enzymes capable of oxidizing toxic substances? peroxisomes 14. Stroma is a component of chloroplast 15. Which of the following organisms produces toxins that target cholesterol? streptococcus pyogenes 16. The intracellular fluid has a high concentration of potassium 17. Which of the following is an active transport mechanism? pinocytosis Downloaded by Freshia Karimi () lOMoARcPSD| 18. Which of the following transport mechanisms transport water across the plasma membrane? osmosis 19. The movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to an area of lower hydrostatic pressure is filtration 20. Enzymatic reactions can be expressed in which of the following chemical notations? E + S = P 21. Enzymes that remove functional groups from a substrate without adding water, or that add functional groups to a double bond, are called lyases 22. Chemically, most enzymes are proteins 23. The net gain of ATP molecules after the breakdown of one glucose molecule in glycolysis is 2 24. The compound that enters the Krebs cycle and combines with oxaloacetic acid is acetyl-CoA 25. Formic acid is a fermentation product of Actinomyces 26. The central dogma concerning the flow of information from genetic material was first introduced by Francis Crick 27. The anticodons are located in tRNA 28. Binary fission is a form of reproduction used by bateria 29. In which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate? Anaphase 30. DNA replication occurs in which phase of the cell cycle? S phase 31. Non chromosomal DNA molecules found in a bacterial cell are Plasmids 32. The actual genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its Genotype 33. Absorption is the function of which surface appendage? Microvilli 34. Which of the following enzymes rearrange atoms with in molecules, changing the configuration of the atoms? Downloaded by Freshia Karimi () lOMoARcPSD| Isomerases FILL IN THE BLANK 1. Cells without a nucleus are ____ cells. Prokaryotic 2. Proteins that are partially embedded on one side of the plasma membrane are referred to as ____ proteins. Peripheral 3. The sterol-like molecule in bacterial plasma membrane is a ____. Hopanoid 4. Movement of bacteria toward or away from a particular stimulus is called ____. taxis 5. The nucleus is surrounded by a ____. Nuclear envelope 6. An enzyme that requires a coenzyme/ cofactor to function, but does not have one bound, is called a ____. apoenzyme 7. The allosteric site is a component of _____. Enzymes 8. The organelle necessary for photosynthesis is a ____. Chloroplast 9. A special structure formed by some bacterial cells to allow them to survive harsh conditions is called ____. endospore 10. The transfer of genetic material during direct cell-to-cell contact is called ____. Conjugation 11. The main function of spores in eukaryotic cells is ___. Propagation 12. The pathways that produce larger molecules from smaller ones are part of _____. Anabolism 13. What is the definition of Prokaryotes? All Proteins, no nucleus 14. What is the definition of Eukaryotes? With nucleus 15. What is the definition of DNA? Carries genetic information MATCHING 1. Plasma Membrane Phospholipids