General Chemistry Principles Questions & Answers

General Chemistry Principles Questions & Answers 1st order reactions - CORRECT ANSWER- rate = k[A] ln[A] vs time is a decreasing linear line if concentration doubles and rate doubles it is 1st order 2nd order - CORRECT ANSWER- rate = k[A]^2 1/[A] vs time is a decreasing linear line if con doubles and rate quadrouples it is 2nd order 8 Strong Bases - CORRECT ANSWER- LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 acid-base reactions with gas formation - CORRECT ANSWER- carbonates and bicarbonates react with acids to for CO2 gas thats why its used in neutralization many antacids are carbonates to reduce acid in the stomach Ampoteric - CORRECT ANSWER- Can act as an acid or base Ex: water are ionic compounds solids, liquids or gases? - CORRECT ANSWER- always solids are ionic compounds strong or weak electrolytes? - CORRECT ANSWER- always strong atomic radii trend - CORRECT ANSWER- atomic radii increases going down the periodic table and decreases going across due to stronger effective nuclear charge Beer's law - CORRECT ANSWER- A = abc absorbance = molar absorbtivity * pathlength * concentration used to find concentrations throughout a reaction with a colorimeter and after rate law from these concentrations boiling point elevation - CORRECT ANSWER- delta Tb = kb*m kb = boiling point constant m=molality BUffer solution - CORRECT ANSWER- weak acid goes to its conjugate base pKa around pH keeps good buffer [acid]/[base] = 1 keeps good buffer keeps pH stable calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER- determines how much heat energy changes during a chemical rxn q=mcdeltaT m= mass in g c = specific heat can you get molecular formula from empirical formula? - CORRECT ANSWER- no unless you know molar mass of molecule catalysts - CORRECT ANSWER- lower activation energy and speed up rxn by stabilizing a transition state