General Chemistry Questions & Answers

General Chemistry Questions & Answers Acid dissociation constant - ANSWER: the ratio of the concentration of the dissociated form of an acid to the concentration of the undissociated form Adiabatic process - ANSWER: exchange no heat with the environment Alkali metals - ANSWER: any metal in Group 1A of the periodic table Alkaline earth metals - ANSWER: the elements in Group 2A of the periodic table Amphoteric species - ANSWER: species that can behave as an acid or a base; ex: water Analyte - ANSWER: solution of unknown concentration Anion - ANSWER: negatively charged ion Anode - ANSWER: site of OXIDATION; always POSITIVE; attracts ANIONS Arrhenius acid - ANSWER: produces H+ (same as Bronsted acid) Arrhenius base - ANSWER: produces OhArrhenius Equation - ANSWER: k=Ae^(-Ea/RT) Atomic size - ANSWER: the distance between the outermost electrons and the nucleus; increases down and to the left in periodic table Avogadro's number - ANSWER: 6.022x10^23 Avogadro's principle - ANSWER: equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles Azimuthal quantum number (l) - ANSWER: Describes the subshell in which an electron is found; possible values range from 0 to n-1, with l=0 representing the s subshell, l=1 representing p, l=2 representing d, and l=3 representing f. Base dissociation constant - ANSWER: the ratio of the concentration of the conjugate acid times the concentration of the hydroxide ion to the concentration of the base Bohr Model - ANSWER: model of an atom that shows electrons in circular orbits around the nucleus Boiling point elevation - ANSWER: the difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent Bond order - ANSWER: refers to whether a covalent bond is a single, double, or triple bond Boyle's law - ANSWER: P1V1=P2V2 Brondsted-Lowry acid - ANSWER: Donates H+ (same as Arrhenius acid)