General Chemistry Questions & Answers

General Chemistry Questions & Answers 6.02 x 10^23 - CORRECT ANSWER - Avogadro's number Acetate - CORRECT ANSWER - C2H3O2- activation energy - CORRECT ANSWER - increase in energy required to transform a reactant into a necessary transition state for product formation actual yield - CORRECT ANSWER - amount of product that is actually produced in a reaction. if not equal to theoretical yield, there has been an error in the experiment adhesive - CORRECT ANSWER - attraction between different molecules - causes capillary action due to adhesion to sides of glass alkali metal - CORRECT ANSWER - elements found in group 1 of periodic table. have high reactivity and electrical conductivity alkaline earth metal - CORRECT ANSWER - elements in group 2 of periodic table. less reactive than alkali metals amorphous solids - CORRECT ANSWER - solids with no orders to their molecules amphoteric - CORRECT ANSWER - a substance that can act as both an acid and a base angular momentum number - CORRECT ANSWER - symbolized by l, indicates the shape of the orbital: calculated by doing (n-1): l=0 -- s, l= 1 -- p, l=2 -- d, l=3 -- f anion - CORRECT ANSWER - negatively charged ion anion exchange crhom - CORRECT ANSWER - traps anions arrhenius acid - CORRECT ANSWER - compound that increases the number of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution arrhenius acid and base - CORRECT ANSWER - arrhenius acids dissociate to form H+ ions and bases dissociate to form OH- ions Arrhenius base - CORRECT ANSWER - increases number of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution atom - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest unit of matter that contains the properties of a given element. consists of central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more electrons atom size vs ion size - CORRECT ANSWER - cation radius is smaller. anion radius is larger atomic emission spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER - spectrum of light that is emitted when an atom or a molecule moves from a high to low energy state atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER - mass of a specific atom in atomic mass units atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER - number of protons in nucleus of atom atomic radius - CORRECT ANSWER - distance between an atom's nucleus and its outermost valence shell electron aufbau principle - CORRECT ANSWER - principle that states that in a given atom, electrons fill atomic orbitals lowest available energy levels before occupying higher levels