Multiple Choice
1. The passing of traits from parents to their progeny enabling ancestral resemblance is the basis
of _____.
a) transcription
b) microevolution
c) heredity
d) translation
e) gene therapy
Answer: c
2. All of the following are characteristics of genes except _____.
a) they are always expressed in every cell of the body
b) they are physical particles found inside living cells
c) they are inherited from your parents
d) they undergo mutation
e) they are units of biological information
Answer: a
, 3. Genes that control the expression levels of other genes are referred to as _____ genes.
a) suppressor
b) amplifier
c) switching
d) regulatory
e) recombination
Answer: d
Short Answer
4. Use the following table to match the item in Column A with its description in Column B.
Column A Column B
a) CFTR 1) transmission of genes in a fertilized egg
b) transcription 2) DNA converted to RNA
c) mutations 3) required for translation of mRNA
d) sexual reproduction 4) chloride transporter
e) tRNA 5) structural alterations of DNA
Answer: a-4, b-2, c-5, d-1, e-3
,5. (A) Explain how DNA mutations are induced, and (B) describe why mutations are important.
Answer: (A) DNA is mutated by a variety of different environmental stimuli including ultraviolet
radiation and chemical agents. (B) Mutations provide alternative versions of genes that are passed
to offspring which may lead to changes in the biological functions of those genes. The
accumulation of mutations over time drives the process of microevolution leading to the
derivation of new species.
Multiple Choice
6. The entire complement of DNA molecules in a cell is known as the _____.
a) fertilized egg
b) genome
c) regulon
d) transcriptome
Answer: b
7. The exchange of DNA segments during sexual reproduction occurs by a _____ process.
a) replication
b) transcription
c) recombination
, d) translation
e) mutation
Answer: c
Essay
8. Explain how genetic engineering has been applied for the production of proteins with
therapeutic value.
Answer: The human insulin gene has been removed from the human genome and placed into the
yeast genome through the use of genetic engineering methods. These genetically modified yeast
express insulin in large amounts which is subsequently purified and used to treat patients with
diabetes.
1. The passing of traits from parents to their progeny enabling ancestral resemblance is the basis
of _____.
a) transcription
b) microevolution
c) heredity
d) translation
e) gene therapy
Answer: c
2. All of the following are characteristics of genes except _____.
a) they are always expressed in every cell of the body
b) they are physical particles found inside living cells
c) they are inherited from your parents
d) they undergo mutation
e) they are units of biological information
Answer: a
, 3. Genes that control the expression levels of other genes are referred to as _____ genes.
a) suppressor
b) amplifier
c) switching
d) regulatory
e) recombination
Answer: d
Short Answer
4. Use the following table to match the item in Column A with its description in Column B.
Column A Column B
a) CFTR 1) transmission of genes in a fertilized egg
b) transcription 2) DNA converted to RNA
c) mutations 3) required for translation of mRNA
d) sexual reproduction 4) chloride transporter
e) tRNA 5) structural alterations of DNA
Answer: a-4, b-2, c-5, d-1, e-3
,5. (A) Explain how DNA mutations are induced, and (B) describe why mutations are important.
Answer: (A) DNA is mutated by a variety of different environmental stimuli including ultraviolet
radiation and chemical agents. (B) Mutations provide alternative versions of genes that are passed
to offspring which may lead to changes in the biological functions of those genes. The
accumulation of mutations over time drives the process of microevolution leading to the
derivation of new species.
Multiple Choice
6. The entire complement of DNA molecules in a cell is known as the _____.
a) fertilized egg
b) genome
c) regulon
d) transcriptome
Answer: b
7. The exchange of DNA segments during sexual reproduction occurs by a _____ process.
a) replication
b) transcription
c) recombination
, d) translation
e) mutation
Answer: c
Essay
8. Explain how genetic engineering has been applied for the production of proteins with
therapeutic value.
Answer: The human insulin gene has been removed from the human genome and placed into the
yeast genome through the use of genetic engineering methods. These genetically modified yeast
express insulin in large amounts which is subsequently purified and used to treat patients with
diabetes.
