CPESC Exam
The process in which, by the actions of wind or water, soil particles are detached and
transported. - ANS-Erosion
Eroded material suspended in wind or water. - ANS-Sediment
The deposition of eroded material. - ANS-Sedimentation
What bears the impact of quantity and quality degradation from erosion? -
ANS-Receiving Waters
Raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface sediment. - ANS-Splash Erosion
Rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up and removing them by shallow
"sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface. - ANS-Sheet Erosion
As flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil surface. - ANS-Rill
Erosion
Runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or several rills join to form a large channel. -
ANS-Gully Erosion
Channels become unstable due to increased flows or changes in upstream sediment
load. - ANS-Channel Erosion
Can happen when erosion left unattended. - ANS-Slope Failure
Erosion due to the influence of climatic forces on the surface of the earth. - ANS-Natural
Erosion
Natural Erosion + Human Activities - ANS-Accelerated Erosion
1. Unrestricted development
2. Removal of surface cover
3. Increased Imperviousness
4. Poor stewardship - ANS-What can accelerate erosion?
1. problems for downslope property owners
, 2. problems on adjacent streets
3. clog streams and storm drains
4. cause turbidity blumes in downstream water bodies
5. cumulative toll on the environment can be devastating - ANS-Construction related
erosion can cause what problems?
Nutrients, pesticides, bacteria, toxic substances, etc. transported with eroded sediment
Uncontrolled construction site sediment loads exceed hundreds of tons per acre per
year - ANS-Pollutant exports during construction
1. Destruction of spawning areas, food sources, habitat
2. Direct toxicity to wildlife
3. Lake degradation
4. Filling of channels
5. Commercial fishery impacts
6. Reduced water storage capacity - ANS-Damages to streams caused by erosion
To restore and maintain the beneficial uses of out Nation's waters. - ANS-Stormwater
Regulations purpose?
EPA - ANS-Who has ultimate regulatory authority?
-Federal regulation
-Purpose -> restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of our
nations waters
-Goal -> eliminate pollutants to Nations water
-> restore Nations waters to their designated use - ANS-Clean Water Act
Water Quality Certification required for any applicant for a federal permit to conduct an
activity which may result in the discharge of any pollutant
Certification granted by state - ANS-CWA Section 401
NPDES (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System)
-agriculture, silviculture, and oil & gas exampt - ANS-CWA Section 402
Regulated discharge of dredged or fill material into the waters of the US
The process in which, by the actions of wind or water, soil particles are detached and
transported. - ANS-Erosion
Eroded material suspended in wind or water. - ANS-Sediment
The deposition of eroded material. - ANS-Sedimentation
What bears the impact of quantity and quality degradation from erosion? -
ANS-Receiving Waters
Raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface sediment. - ANS-Splash Erosion
Rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up and removing them by shallow
"sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface. - ANS-Sheet Erosion
As flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil surface. - ANS-Rill
Erosion
Runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or several rills join to form a large channel. -
ANS-Gully Erosion
Channels become unstable due to increased flows or changes in upstream sediment
load. - ANS-Channel Erosion
Can happen when erosion left unattended. - ANS-Slope Failure
Erosion due to the influence of climatic forces on the surface of the earth. - ANS-Natural
Erosion
Natural Erosion + Human Activities - ANS-Accelerated Erosion
1. Unrestricted development
2. Removal of surface cover
3. Increased Imperviousness
4. Poor stewardship - ANS-What can accelerate erosion?
1. problems for downslope property owners
, 2. problems on adjacent streets
3. clog streams and storm drains
4. cause turbidity blumes in downstream water bodies
5. cumulative toll on the environment can be devastating - ANS-Construction related
erosion can cause what problems?
Nutrients, pesticides, bacteria, toxic substances, etc. transported with eroded sediment
Uncontrolled construction site sediment loads exceed hundreds of tons per acre per
year - ANS-Pollutant exports during construction
1. Destruction of spawning areas, food sources, habitat
2. Direct toxicity to wildlife
3. Lake degradation
4. Filling of channels
5. Commercial fishery impacts
6. Reduced water storage capacity - ANS-Damages to streams caused by erosion
To restore and maintain the beneficial uses of out Nation's waters. - ANS-Stormwater
Regulations purpose?
EPA - ANS-Who has ultimate regulatory authority?
-Federal regulation
-Purpose -> restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of our
nations waters
-Goal -> eliminate pollutants to Nations water
-> restore Nations waters to their designated use - ANS-Clean Water Act
Water Quality Certification required for any applicant for a federal permit to conduct an
activity which may result in the discharge of any pollutant
Certification granted by state - ANS-CWA Section 401
NPDES (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System)
-agriculture, silviculture, and oil & gas exampt - ANS-CWA Section 402
Regulated discharge of dredged or fill material into the waters of the US
