Davita Rise Final Exam questions and answers graded A
Ultrafiltration (UF): - -Fluid pushed through the semipermeable membrane (SPM)
membrane
Convection: - -Solutes dragged across SPM along with fluid
Hyperkalemia: - -> 6.5 mEq Symptoms: extreme muscle weakness, abnormal
heart rhythm, and possible cardiac arrest
Hypokalemia: - -< 3.5 mEq Symptoms: fatigue, muscle weakness, paralysis, and
respiratory failure, cardiac instability, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest
Normal blood pH range is - -7.35-7.45.
What are the kidneys' endocrine functions? - -Renin secretion, Erythropoietin
secretion, Vitamin D activation
What are the most common causes of CKD in the USA? - -• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Polycystic Kidney Disease
Signs & Symptoms of fluid imbalance - -Hypertension
• Edema
• Shortness of Breath
A common cause of hypertension in dialysis patients is - -• fluid overload
,What does hypertension lead to? - -• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy leads to: - -• ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia,
myocardial infarction, and sudden death
Why are dialysis patients anemic? The life span of their red blood cell is 60 days or
approximately ½ of normal 120 days. - -Primary cause: Lack of the hormone
erythropoietin (EPO)
Secondary causes: Inadequate iron stores, inadequate dialysis, malnutrition, blood loss
during treatment
What are the four key elements contributing to CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (MBD)? -
-• Calcium, Phosphorus, PTH, Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
- All lead to CKD-MBD when they are abnormal
Pre-renal causes of AKI - -Obstruction, Volume Depletion, Impaired Cardiac
Function
Intra-renal causes of AKI - -Ischemic ATN, Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock,
Anaphylaxis Drugs, Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Trauma, Open
Heart Surgery
Post-renal causes of AKI - -Obstruction, Oliguric, Bladder rupture, Pregnancy
Explain the difference between AKI and CKD - -• Eliminating the cause of the AKI
can often lead to the return of kidney function
, • You cannot eliminate the cause of CKD which is HTN, Diabetes, genetic disorders
(PKD)
What are V-tags and why are they important? - -• They state specific regulations
to be met within a condition such as infection control, providing interpretive guidance for
each regulation and citing deficiencies by tag #
The manual conductivity value must match +/- 0.4 mS on the Fresenius (FMC) 2008K
and K2 dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity. Checking independent
conductivity is NOT required when using the Fresenius 2008T or T BlueStar models or
B Braun hemodialysis machines.
T or F - -T
What is "strikethrough" of an external pressure transducer and why is it of concern? -
-• It is when fluid could have entered the machine and contaminated the internal
pressure transducer protector providing a reservoir for microorganisms and causing
subsequent patient blood infections
List six occurrences when to document. - -Baseline assessment
Change from baseline assessment
Change in patient's condition
Procedure or treatment
Medication given and patient response
Ultrafiltration (UF): - -Fluid pushed through the semipermeable membrane (SPM)
membrane
Convection: - -Solutes dragged across SPM along with fluid
Hyperkalemia: - -> 6.5 mEq Symptoms: extreme muscle weakness, abnormal
heart rhythm, and possible cardiac arrest
Hypokalemia: - -< 3.5 mEq Symptoms: fatigue, muscle weakness, paralysis, and
respiratory failure, cardiac instability, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest
Normal blood pH range is - -7.35-7.45.
What are the kidneys' endocrine functions? - -Renin secretion, Erythropoietin
secretion, Vitamin D activation
What are the most common causes of CKD in the USA? - -• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Polycystic Kidney Disease
Signs & Symptoms of fluid imbalance - -Hypertension
• Edema
• Shortness of Breath
A common cause of hypertension in dialysis patients is - -• fluid overload
,What does hypertension lead to? - -• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy leads to: - -• ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia,
myocardial infarction, and sudden death
Why are dialysis patients anemic? The life span of their red blood cell is 60 days or
approximately ½ of normal 120 days. - -Primary cause: Lack of the hormone
erythropoietin (EPO)
Secondary causes: Inadequate iron stores, inadequate dialysis, malnutrition, blood loss
during treatment
What are the four key elements contributing to CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (MBD)? -
-• Calcium, Phosphorus, PTH, Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
- All lead to CKD-MBD when they are abnormal
Pre-renal causes of AKI - -Obstruction, Volume Depletion, Impaired Cardiac
Function
Intra-renal causes of AKI - -Ischemic ATN, Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock,
Anaphylaxis Drugs, Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Trauma, Open
Heart Surgery
Post-renal causes of AKI - -Obstruction, Oliguric, Bladder rupture, Pregnancy
Explain the difference between AKI and CKD - -• Eliminating the cause of the AKI
can often lead to the return of kidney function
, • You cannot eliminate the cause of CKD which is HTN, Diabetes, genetic disorders
(PKD)
What are V-tags and why are they important? - -• They state specific regulations
to be met within a condition such as infection control, providing interpretive guidance for
each regulation and citing deficiencies by tag #
The manual conductivity value must match +/- 0.4 mS on the Fresenius (FMC) 2008K
and K2 dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity. Checking independent
conductivity is NOT required when using the Fresenius 2008T or T BlueStar models or
B Braun hemodialysis machines.
T or F - -T
What is "strikethrough" of an external pressure transducer and why is it of concern? -
-• It is when fluid could have entered the machine and contaminated the internal
pressure transducer protector providing a reservoir for microorganisms and causing
subsequent patient blood infections
List six occurrences when to document. - -Baseline assessment
Change from baseline assessment
Change in patient's condition
Procedure or treatment
Medication given and patient response
